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From January 17 to 21, the Germans marched approximately 56 thousand prisoners out of Auschwitz and its sub-camps in evacuation columns mostly heading west, through Upper and Lower Silesia. Two days later, they evacuated 2 thousand prisoners by train from the sub-camps in Świętochłowice and Siemianowice.
How and why did the function of Auschwitz change as the war progressed? Where were the camps located? How might the German population and the local community in Poland have been aware of this camp, its purpose, and the conditions within?
Auschwitz was a large complex of camps in and around O ś wi ę cim and Brzezinka, Poland. From 1942 to 1944, gassings took place in the best known of the three main sites, Birkenau. During this time, over 1.1 million people, mainly European Jews, were killed in the gas chambers, shootings, hangings, and from starvation, disease, and exhaustion.
On 27 January 1945, Auschwitz —a Nazi concentration camp and extermination camp in occupied Poland where more than a million people were murdered as part of the Nazis' "Final Solution" to the Jewish question —was liberated by the Soviet Red Army during the Vistula–Oder Offensive.
Fifty kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Kraków, the site was first suggested in February 1940 as a quarantine camp for Polish prisoners by Arpad Wigand, the inspector of the Sicherheitspolizei (security police) and deputy of Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, the Higher SS and Police Leader for Silesia.
Dec 15, 2009 · In October 1944, a group of Auschwitz "Sonderkommando," young Jewish males responsible for removing corpses from crematoriums and gas chambers, staged a revolt. They assaulted their guards,...
The mass extermination of Jews in the gas chambers ended in November 1944. The majority of the Jewish prisoners assigned to labor in the crematorium and gas chamber crews were liquidated in September, October, and November as eyewitnesses to extermination.