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Carchemish pays tribute in 882 BC, apparently becoming a vassal in 870 BC, and Arvad is made tributary in 876 BC, although it soon rebels. fl 853 BC Matinu-ba'al / Mattan Baal
- Sidon
Sidon - Kingdoms of the Levant - Arvad (Canaan) - The...
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Tyre - Kingdoms of the Levant - Arvad (Canaan) - The History...
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Settlement in the extended western hinterland of Carchemish otherwise corresponds in geographical terms to the watershed of the Sajur River and its tributaries, chiefly the Kızılhisar Çay and Ayfinar Çay.
- Michael G Brown, Stefan L Smith
Asshur-nazir-pal (circa 876) made it tributary, but it revolted and we find 200 men of Arvad mentioned among the allies of Benhadad, of Damascus, at the great battle of Quarqar, when all Syria seems to have been in league against Shalmaneser II (circa 854).
Later on, the Egyptian poet known as Pentaur refers to the people of Carchemish (Qarqamesa) as forming, with the men of Arvad, Aleppo and Gozan, part of "the host of the miserable king of the Hittites" (Hattu-sil), who fought against Rameses II at the battle of Kadesh.
Sangara already appeared in the Balawat Bronze Bands of Ashurnasirpal II as a tributary probably at some time before 868 BC. According to the archaeologist Shigeo Yamada, Karkamish may have been known during this period as 'Sazabê', “a fortified city of Sangara the Karkamishean”.
It was afterward tributary to Tiglath-pileser III and Sennacherib, the king who paid it to the latter being Abd-ilihit (circa 701). Ashurbanipal (circa 664) compelled its king Yakinlu to submit and send one of his daughters to become a member of the royal harem (Rawlinson, Phoenicia, 456-57).
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Following his victory over a coalition of forces led by Urartu and Arpad in 743, Tiglath-pileser imposed or re-imposed tributary status on Carchemish’s last-known king, Pisiri (Tigl. III 68–9, 108–9).