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European colonizationof the Americas. During the Age of Discovery, a large scale colonization of the Americas, involving a number of European countries, took place primarily between the late 15th century and the early 19th century. The Norse explored and colonized areas of Europe and the North Atlantic, colonizing Greenland and creating a short ...
- Columbus, Portugal, & The Spanish Conquest
- France & The Netherlands
- Early English Colonies
- Conclusion
Trade between Europe and Asia had been ongoing since 130 BCE when the Han Dynasty of China (202 BCE - 220 CE) opened the routes known in the modern day as the Silk Road. Although there were contentions over these routes through the years, and different monarchies or tribes took control of them in whole or in part, they remained open, and goods trav...
The colony of New France was founded in modern-day Canada by the French explorer Jacques Cartier (l. 1491-1557) in 1534. France would also claim land holdings in the regions of modern-day South America, the Caribbean, the state of Louisiana, and elsewhere. Cartier's mission, like Columbus', was to navigate a maritime passage to Asia and return to F...
England, impressed by the wealth Spain was able to acquire from the New World, considered establishing their own colonies there but, first, found it easier to have privateers (state-sponsored pirates) stop Spanish vessels returning from the Americas and seize their cargo, among them Sir Francis Drake(l. c. 1540-1596), known to the Spanish as “the D...
The Jamestown colony barely survived the first few years, losing 80% of its population in only a few months, primarily because those who made up the expedition were either upper-class aristocrats who refused to work for their food or lower-class laborers who had no skill in farming. The colony was saved first by Captain John Smith (l. 1580-1631), a...
- Joshua J. Mark
Feb 14, 2023 · In 1820, the United States accounted for under 2 percent of global (GDP). (Today, the country makes up nearly a quarter of the world’s economy.) Slowly but surely, this power dynamic shifted throughout the nineteenth century. National independence movements expelled Europe’s empires from their colonies in the region.
For the most part, the countries of the Western Hemisphere became independent from Europe in the 50-year period from 1775 to 1825. The United States won its independence in 1776, and Mexico and Central America became free of Spanish rule in 1821.
The European colonization of North America began with dreams of gold, glory, and new beginnings, but quickly turned into a nightmare for the Indigenous peoples. From the moment Christopher Columbus set foot in the New World, a brutal clash of cultures unfolded. Across the vast expanse of the continent, European powers vied for control, leaving a trail of bloodshed and suffering. Through wars ...
Between 1492 and 1820, approximately 2.6 million Europeans immigrated to the Americas (compared to at least 8.8 million enslaved Africans). Across the period, slightly less than half of all migrants were British, 40 percent were Spanish and Portuguese, 6 percent were from Swiss and German states, and 5 percent were French.
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2. Europeans Discover the Americas. The excitement caused by Columbus’s “discovery” in 1492 sparked new rivalries among European powers as many scrambled to create New World colonies. Native Americans who confronted the newcomers suffered unprecedented population disasters as European diseases to which the natives had no resistance killed ...
