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Humorism
- Humorism, the humoral theory, or humoralism, was a system of medicine detailing a supposed makeup and workings of the human body, adopted by Ancient Greek and Roman physicians and philosophers.
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Humorism, the humoral theory, or humoralism, was a system of medicine detailing a supposed makeup and workings of the human body, adopted by Ancient Greek and Roman physicians and philosophers.
Galen’s humoral theory influenced medical practices in ancient Greece, Rome, and beyond. The theory remained dominant in medical teachings until the Renaissance period. Galen’s contributions to medicine set the stage for future advancements in medical knowledge.
Humoral theory was one of the central principles in Western medicine from antiquity through the 19th century. “Humoral” derives from the word “humor,” which, in this context, means “fluid.” The human body was thought to contain a mix of the four humors: black bile (also known as melancholy), yellow or red bile, blood, and phlegm.
- Introduction
- Historical Background and Scientific Foundations
- Modern Cultural Connections
The Greek physician Galen of Pergamum (AD 129–c.216) was the first major systematizer of medical practice and theory in the ancient world. His work had its basis in the ideas of his predecessor Hippocrates of Cos (460–375 BC) as well as Platonic, Aristotelian, and Stoic philosophy. As Galen persuasively argued that medicine was both an art and a sc...
Galen was born in Pergamum, an important center of research and medicine in the ancient world. His father, Nicon, was a wealthy architect and had the means to provide his son with a fine and wide-ranging education, including exposure to the four major philosophical schools at the time: the Platonists, the Aristotelians, the Stoics, and the Epicurea...
It was not until the firm establishment of the germ theory of disease by Pasteur and Koch in the nineteenth century that the role of microscopic pathogens in causing ailments was understood and humoral medicine declined. The rise of psychology and psychiatry in the nineteenth century also gradually replaced the idea of the complexion or temperament...
Aug 31, 2023 · A prevalent medical practice in medieval and early-modern Europe, humoral theory has its roots as far back as Hippocrates and Galen in ancient Greece. The four humors, or bodily fluids, (blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm) were a combination of four qualities (hot, cold, dry, moist) that were believed to affect temperament and physical ...
Galenic medicine (also called humoralism or Galenism) derives its name from the Greek physician and philosopher Galen (129–c.216c.e..). Galen's prolific writings were rooted in the Hippocratic corpus as well as the philosophical doctrines of Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoics.
