Search results
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What is translation?, How does it relate to the Central Dogma?, How does it differ from transcription? and more.
- Biology: Transcription and Translation Flashcards - Quizlet
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms...
- Biology: Transcription and Translation Flashcards - Quizlet
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Messanger RNA (mRNA), Transfer RNA (tRNA), Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and more.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like what is translation, where does translation occur in both eukaryotes and prokayotes, where does the mrna attach and more.
- Central Dogma
- DNA Replication vs. Translation
- Transcription vs. Translation
- MRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
- Codon Definition
- Anticodon Definition
- Translation Steps
- Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Translations
- References
In the central dogma of molecular biology, the genetic information is schematically shown to flow from DNA to DNA (by replication) and from DNA to mRNA (transcription) to protein (translation). In the latter, the genetic code from the mRNA is read as a trinucleotide codon, i.e. a set of three adjacent nucleotides.
DNA replication is the process of producing an exact copy of a polynucleotide strand such as DNA. The flow of genetic information will be from DNA to DNA by complementary base pairing in terms of adenine-thymine (AT) and guanine-cytosine (GC) base pairing. The enzymes involved in the process are DNA polymerases. Conversely, the flow of genetic info...
Protein biosynthesis is the biological process of creating protein molecules. The first step is amino acid synthesis. Amino acids may be produced from carbon sources, e.g. glucose. Nevertheless, not all amino acids need to be synthesized. Some of them can be obtained from dietary sources. After amino acid synthesis, transcription is the next step. ...
Three RNAs are involved in biological translations. They are mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA). 1. mRNA is the RNA produced from transcription. It is comprised of a 5′ cap, 5’UTR region, coding region, 3’UTR region, and poly(A) tail. The copy of a DNA segment for gene expression is located in its coding region. It ...
Codon, in biology, refers to the set of three adjacent nucleotides in mRNA. It is also called a triplet. It complementary base pair with the anticodon of aminoacyl-tRNA. Examples: 1. Guanine-Cytosine-Cytosine (GCC) is the codon for the amino acid alanine. 2. Guanine-Uracil-Uracil (GUU) codes for valine. 3. Cytosine-Uracil-Adenine (CUA) codes for le...
Anticodon refers to the sequence of three adjacent nucleotides located on tRNA. It complementary-base -pairswith the codon of mRNA. For example, the anticodon for glycine is CCC (Cytosine-Cytosine-Cytosine) that binds to the codon GGG (Guanine-Guanine-Guanine) of mRNA.
Prior to initiation, a pre-translation step occurs. Called bio-activation, the amino acid binds to the corresponding tRNA by a covalent bond.
The major steps of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes are the same (i.e. initiation, elongation, translocation, and termination) and in both cells occurs on the ribosome. Translation in prokaryotes, though, occurs on 70S-type of ribosomes whereas translation in eukaryotes occurs on 80S-type of ribosomes. Because prokaryotes lack membrane-bou...
Central Dogma of Biology. (2014). Retrieved from Csbsju.edu website: http://employees.csbsju.edu/hjakubowski/classes/chem%20and%20society/cent_dogma/olcentdogma.htmlTranslation: DNA to mRNA to Protein Learn Science at Scitable. (2013). Retrieved from Nature.com website: https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/translation-dna-to-mrna-to-protein-393/Transcription and translation. (2017, April 26). Retrieved from Uq.edu.au website: https://di.uq.edu.au/community-and-alumni/sparq-ed/sparq-ed-services/transcription-and-translationTranscription / Translation. (2019). Retrieved from Iupui.edu website: https://www.biology.iupui.edu/biocourses/N100/2k3ch13dogma.htmlTranslation is an activity that aims at conveying meaning or meanings of a given linguistic discourse from one language to another. Translation can be defined in terms of sameness of meaning across languages.
Jul 30, 2022 · In addition to the mRNA template, many molecules and macromolecules contribute to the process of translation. Translation requires the input of an mRNA template, ribosomes, tRNAs, and various enzymatic factors. Click through the steps of this PBS interactive to see protein synthesis in action.
People also ask
What is translation in biology?
What is translation in linguistics?
Which molecule contributes to the process of translation?
What is the difference between transcription and translation?
Where does translation occur in eukaryotes?
How does translation begin?
Feb 17, 2023 · 1. Messenger RNA (mRNA) Like DNA, it is a long stand consisting of nucleotides that contains the information necessary for forming the protein. It contains the start and the end site of translation. 2. Transfer RNA (tRNA) In translation, the mRNA codons are read from 5’ to 3’ direction by a particular type of RNA molecule, the tRNA.
