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Sep 1, 2021 · Have you ever read a novel, novella, or short story and realized that the characters within the narrative were reading or watching a story of their own? If so, you have experienced a literary device known as a story within a story.
A story within a story, also referred to as an embedded narrative, is a literary device in which a character within a story becomes the narrator of a second story (within the first one). [1] Multiple layers of stories within stories are sometimes called nested stories.
- The Arabian Nights: Tales of 1,001 Nights by Robert Irwin. For the past three years, King Shahriyar has slept with a new virgin every night, only to execute her the following morning.
- Sophie’s World by Jostein Gaarder. Norwegian author Jostein Gaarder is fond of writing a story within a story. His bestselling work, Sophie’s World, tells about a little girl who finds herself unwittingly signed up for a correspondence course about the history of philosophy with an enigmatic philosopher.
- The Solitaire Mystery by Jostein Gaarder. The story revolves around a boy who is riding through Europe with his father as they search for the boy’s mother.
- The Christmas Mystery by Jostein Gaarder. Joachim finds a magic advent calendar in a dusty old bookstore. Little does he know that each window of this advent calendar contains a part of a story about a little girl named Elisabet.
- Have Your Character Write a Story. One way to include a story within your story is to have your character write the inside story. This engages the reader by making them feel included in the active writing process.
- Set Up Oral Narration. Spoken first-person narration is the most direct and personal form of storytelling. We have all sat down with a friend or relative and listened as they told us a story about their life.
- Tell Micro-Stories In Dialogue. Story-telling is a natural part of conversation. For this reason, passages of dialogue provide opportunities to nest a quick story.
- Tell Micro-Stories within First Person Narration. First-Person narration gives the reader the greatest access to your main character’s interior thoughts.
- Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. There are several examples of this technique used by Mary Shelley in her novel, Frankenstein. She has given multiple framed stories in this novel.
- Inception by Christopher Nolan. In the film, Inception, Leonardo DiCaprio enters into a dream of Cillian Murphy to embed an idea into his subconscious.
- Titanic by James Cameron. In the movie, Titanic, an elderly woman Rose begins the movie by telling a story of her voyage in the Atlantic Ocean.
- The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer. In Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer has used frame narrative, bringing different characters, each of whom tells a story.
1. Characters. The most important part of any story is character. Whether those characters are animal, human, superhuman, or otherworldly, your story must have at least one character (even in the most simple narrative). Why?
A frame story, also known as a story within a story, is a literary technique where a secondary story is placed within the primary story. The outer story or frame provides a context or setting for the inner story, which is sometimes known as a reflective narrative or an embedded narrative.
