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Jul 12, 2022 · In Isaiah’s day, Elam was one of Israel’s neighbors and also an instrument of judgment. God was going to use Elam to attack Babylon, as a judgment upon Babylon (Isaiah 21:2); likewise, Elam would attack Jerusalem, bringing God’s judgment (Isaiah 22:6).
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Aug 27, 2020 · Below are ten important facts concerning the ancient Elamites who, although they disappeared completely from the historical record after their last nation-state, Elymais, was taken by the Sassanian Empire in 224 CE, left their mark on history through their contributions to Persian culture.
- Joshua J. Mark
Oct 2, 2024 · Elam, ancient country in southwestern Iran approximately equivalent to the modern region of Khuzestan. Early on it was culturally tied to Mesopotamia. The Elamites’ golden age of conquest began in the latter part of the 13th century BCE and ended with the capture of Susa by Nebuchadrezzar I of Babylon.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The history of Elam is conventionally divided into three periods, spanning more than two millennia. The period before the first Elamite period is known as the proto-Elamite period: Proto-Elamite : c. 3200 – c. 2700 BC (Proto-Elamite script in Susa)
- Proto-Elamite Period
- Old Elamite Period
- Middle Elamite Period
- Neo-Elamite Period
- Conclusion
Little is known of the so-called Proto-Elamite Period because its history is given in the as-yet undeciphered linear script. The proto-Elamite script was developed sometime around 3200 BCE and remained in continuous use until c. 2700 BCE when contact with Sumerintroduced cuneiform script. The details of this era, therefore, are vague. Scholar F. Va...
Elamite culture was already well established by the time of the beginning of the Old Elamite Period but was fully developed by the dynastic houses which ruled from Awan, Anshan, and Susa, respectively, at different times during this era. Although Awan and Anshan were once considered two different cities, modern-day scholars believe Awan was simply ...
The Middle Elamite Period is also defined by three major dynasties and also by a process scholars refer to as the “elamization” of the region (especially the northern area of Susiana) which refers to the elevation and spread of Elamite language, culture, and religion from south to north. The fact that rulers of this era felt the need to engage in t...
Little is known of the first part of this era other than the continuation of power-grabs by various members of the royal family. The impressive Elamite artisans continued to produce their works which, since the time of the Old Period, were influenced by Sumerian techniques but often displayed much greater skill. The written record of Elam picks up ...
Elam was absorbed into the new empire as one of its provinces but was highly regarded by the Persians. The third Achaemenid king, DariusI, completely rebuilt Susa and made it one of his capitals and administrative districts. According to scholar F. Vallat: Elamite gods and religious observances were kept by the Persians, and their language, given i...
- Joshua J. Mark
Dec 15, 1998 · It seems that Mesopotamians in the late 3rd millennium B.C.E. considered Elam to encompass the entire Persian plateau, which extends from Mesopotamia to the Kavīr-e Namak and Dašt-e Lūt (see DESERT) and from the Caspian (q.v.) to the Persian Gulf (Figure 1).
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Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, ruled much of the region to the north and east of the Land of Canaan but remained unsatisfied. He led his army in a series of wars, massacring whoever crossed his path, building an empire of countries whose kings were loyal and willing to pay an annual tribute.
