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  1. Jan 29, 2021 · The Northern Ireland Protocol is a special deal to prevent the re-emergence of a hard border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.

    • What Is Article 16?
    • When Can Article 16 Be invoked?
    • Has Article 16 Been triggered?
    • Will The UK Government Trigger Article 16?

    Article 16 is a safeguarding mechanism within the Ireland/Northern Ireland protocol, the arrangements agreed as part of the UK–EU Withdrawal Agreementto avoid a hard border on the island of Ireland. Article 16 allows either party to undertake unilateral safeguarding measures if the protocol leads to “serious economic, societal or environmental diff...

    The protocol does not define what constitutes either “serious economic, societal or environmental difficulties”, or a “diversion of trade”, so there remains ambiguity around threshold for taking unilateral measures. Before undertaking such measures, however, the parties should follow the process set out in Annex 7 of the protocol. First, if either ...

    To date, neither party has formally triggered Article 16. It has, however, been referred to by both the EU and UK. Most notably, in January 2021, the EU proposed invoking Article 16 to allow export controls, designed to prevent Covid-19 vaccines produced in the EU from being exported without authorisation, to apply to vaccines being sent to Norther...

    The UK government has suggested it would be willing to use Article 16. In its ‘command paper’ published on 21 July 2021, Northern Ireland Protocol: The way forward, the UK government argued that the protocol has created a significant diversion of trade between Northern Ireland and Great Britain which would justify invoking Article 16, although the ...

  2. Jan 29, 2021 · The Brexit deal guarantees an open border between the EU and Northern Ireland, with no controls on exported products.. However, Article 16 of the Northern Ireland Protocol part of the deal allows ...

  3. Nov 26, 2021 · Northern Ireland Protocol: Article 16 (325 KB , PDF) The Northern Ireland Protocol (the Protocol) is an integral part of the Withdrawal Agreement which set out how the UK’s exit from the EU would work. The Protocol sets out Northern Ireland’s post-Brexit relationship with both the EU and Great Britain (the rest of the UK).

    • John Curtis, Stefano Fella
    • 2021
  4. Feb 1, 2021 · Brexit deal clause triggered by EU to place controls on export of Covid vaccines to Northern Ireland ... The protocol was a resolution to the sticky Irish border question and was designed to avoid ...

  5. Apr 9, 2021 · Anger over post-Brexit trading rules is a factor in the violence that has erupted, writes Adam Fleming. ... The section of the Brexit deal known as the "protocol" was designed to protect the peace ...

  6. Mar 13, 2022 · During his trip to London, the taoiseach led the city's parade to mark St Patrick's Day on Sunday, which paid tribute to the role played by Irish people in London during the Covid-19 pandemic.