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Spivak refers to the conversation between Gilles Deleuze and Michel Foucault titled ‘Intellectuals and Power’. She criticizes how both Deleuze and Foucault completely ignore the international labor division that is prevalent between the First and the Third World.
Apr 7, 2017 · It is a synthesis of Freud’s notion of a simulacrum of reality (that is a reality composed of unconscious desire and fantasies) supplemented by Lacan’s borrowings from Bataille, whereby that Real is also regarded as a morbid, doomed or accursed part of subjectivity, an inaccessible ‘black shadow’.
Sep 12, 2023 · Abstract. This article explores Gayatri Spivak’s journey of subalternity, demonstrating the empirical and sociological salience of this category beyond its theoretical and epistemic features, by highlighting its potential for increasing our understanding of society and bringing about social change.
- Introduction
- Biography
- Glossary of Key Terms in Spivak’s Work
- Major Publications
- Interviews Cited
While she is best known as a postcolonial theorist, Gayatri Spivak describes herself as a “para-disciplinary, ethical philosopher”– though her early career would have included “applied deconstruction.” Her reputation was first made for her translation and preface to Derrida’s Of Grammatology (1976) and she has since applied deconstructive strategie...
Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak was born in Calcutta, West Bengal, 24 February 1942 to “solidly metropolitan middle class” parents (PCC). She thus belonged to the “first generation of Indian intellectuals after independence,” a more interesting perspective she claims, than that of the Midnight’s Children, who were “born free by chronological accident” (...
Ethical responsibility/Ethical singularity
Spivak’s usage of “responsibility” (like her dialogic understanding of “speaking,” noted above) is akin to Bakhtin’s “answerability” (otvetstvennost: sometimes also translated as “responsibility”). It signifies not only the act of response which completes the transaction of speaker and listener, but also the ethical stance of making discursive room for the Other to exist. In other words, “ethics are not just a problem of knowledge but a call to a relationship” (Introduction to The Spivak Read...
Margins/Outside
Spivak’s work explores “the margins at which disciplinary discourses break down and enter the world of political agency” (SR). She interrogates the politics of culture from a marginal perspective (“outside”) while maintaining the prerogatives of a professional position within the hegemony (See Hegemony in Gramsci). Through deconstruction she turns hegemonic narratives inside out, and as athird world woman in a position of privilege in the American academy, she brings the outside in. HenceOuts...
Strategic Essentialism
In the Boundary 2interview, Spivak wistfully pronounces that, of the two things she is best known for, both are often misunderstood. The first was her answer to the question “Can the Subaltern Speak?” and the second is the notion of strategic essentialism. Essentialismis bad, not in its essence — which would be a tautology — but only in its application. The goal of essentialist critique is not the exposure of error, but the interrogation of the essentialist terms. Uncritical deployment is dan...
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. Translation of and introduction to Derrida’s Of Grammatology. Baltimore: John’s Hopkins, 1976.An Aesthetic Education in the Era of Globalization. Harvard University Press, 2012.A Critique of Post-Colonial Reason: Toward a History of the Vanishing Present. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1999.“Can the Subaltern Speak?” in Cary Nelson and Larry Grossberg, eds. Marxism and the interpretation of Culture. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1988: 271-313.“The Intervention Interview.” Southern Humanities Review22:4 (Fall 1988): 323-342Leon de Kock. “New Nation Writers Conference in South Africa.” Ariel: A Review of International English Literature23:3 (July 1992): 29-47Sara Danius and Stefan Jonsson. Boundary 220:2 (1993): 24-50Alfred Arteaga. “Bonding in Difference.” The Spivak Reader. New York and London: Routledge, 1996.6 days ago · Indian-born postcolonial, post-structuralist, Marxistliterary critic and theorist. The daughter of middle-class parents, she was born in Calcutta at a time when India was still part of the British Empire.
In this paper, I will engage with Gayatri Spivak’s writings on the figure of the subaltern, focusing on a recurrent tension in her writings, and in readings of them. The tension is between two seemingly contradictory definitions of the subaltern.
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As a theorist, a feminist and a cultural critic, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak has rigorously expanded our understanding of some of the key issues of contemporary thought. The Spivak Reader both...
