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      • Special relativity states that the laws of physics, and thus the universe is the same for all equally “fast” observers. In the vacuum of space, the speed of light is a constant independent of any observer.
      interestingengineering.com/science/simplified-introduction-einsteins-theory-relativity
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    • Basics of Special Relativity
    • The Lorentz Transformations
    • Mass, Energy and Momentum
    • History
    • Experimental Confirmations
    • Notes
    • References
    • Other Websites

    Suppose that you are moving toward something that is moving toward you. If you measure its speed, it will seem to be moving faster than if you were not moving. Now suppose you are moving away from something that is moving toward you. If you measure its speed again, it will seem to be moving more slowly. This is the idea of "relative speed"—the spee...

    The mathematical bases of special relativity are the Lorentz transformations, which mathematically describe the views of space and time for two observers who are moving relative to each other but are not experiencing acceleration. 1. To define the transformations we use a Cartesian coordinate systemto mathematically describe the time and space of "...

    In special relativity, the momentum p {\displaystyle p} and the total energy E {\displaystyle E} of an object as a function of its mass m {\displaystyle m} are 1. p = m v 1 − v 2 c 2 {\displaystyle p={\frac {mv}{\sqrt {1-{\frac {v^{2}}{c^{2}}}}}}} and 1. E = m c 2 1 − v 2 c 2 {\displaystyle E={\frac {mc^{2}}{\sqrt {1-{\frac {v^{2}}{c^{2}}}}}}} . A ...

    The need for special relativity arose from Maxwell's equationsof electromagnetism, which were published in 1865. It was later found that they call for electromagnetic waves (such as light) to move at a constant speed (i.e., the speed of light). To have James Clerk Maxwell's equations be consistent with both astronomical observations and Newtonian p...

    The Michelson-Morley experiment, which failed to detect any difference in the speed of light based on the direction of the light's movement.
    Fizeau's experiment, in which the index of refraction for light in moving water cannot be made to be less than 1. The observed results are explained by the relativistic rule for adding velocities.
    The energy and momentum of light obey the equation E = p c {\displaystyle E=pc} . (In Newtonian physics, this is expected to be E = 1 2 p c {\displaystyle E={\begin{matrix}{\frac {1}{2}}\end{matrix...
    The transverse doppler effect, which is where the light emitted by a quickly moving object is red-shifted due to time dilation.
    Observations of binary stars show that light takes the same amount of time to reach the Earth over the same distance for both stars in such systems. If the speed of light was constant with respect...
    The second postulate of special relativity (that the speed of light is the same for all observers) contradicts Newtonian physics.
    Since the Earth is constantly being accelerated as it orbits the Sun, the initial null result was not a concern. However, that did mean that a strong ether wind should have been present 6 months la...
    W. Rindler, Introduction to Special Relativity, 2nd edition, Oxford Science Publications, 1991, ISBN 0-19-853952-5.
    Web article on the history of special relativity Archived 2013-12-09 at the Wayback Machine
    Relativity Calculator - Learn Special Relativity Mathematics Archived 2008-11-08 at the Wayback MachineThe mathematics of special relativity presented in as simple and comprehensive manner possible...

    http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/SR/rocket.html Archived 2015-10-13 at the Wayback Machine

  2. Sep 18, 2024 · special relativity, part of the wide-ranging physical theory of relativity formed by the German-born physicist Albert Einstein. It was conceived by Einstein in 1905. Along with quantum mechanics, relativity is central to modern physics.

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  3. Special relativity corrects the hitherto laws of mechanics to handle situations involving all motions and especially those at a speed close to that of light (known as relativistic velocities). Today, special relativity is proven to be the most accurate model of motion at any speed when gravitational and quantum effects are negligible.

  4. As an introduction, special relativity is the study of high velocities, those close to the speed of light. Special relativity is based on two fundamental principles; the constancy of the speed of light and the universality of the laws of physics, which lead to the ideas of spacetime and 4-vectors.

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  5. Feb 1, 2022 · Special relativity is an explanation of how speed affects mass, time and space. The theory includes a way for the speed of light to define the relationship between energy and matter...

  6. Einsteins theory of how motion warps space and time. By Richard Webb. Einstein’s special relativity, which he formulated in his “miracle year” of 1905, was a theory that...

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