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Special Relativity. Although Newtonian mechanics gives an excellent description of Nature, it is not uni-versally valid. When we reach extreme conditions — the very small, the very heavy or the very fast — the Newtonian Universe that we’re used to needs replacing.
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This course will introduce you to the concepts behind special relativity including, but not limited to, length contraction, time dilation, the Lorentz transformation, relativistic kinematics, Doppler shifts, and even so-called “paradoxes.”
1 The Need for a New Theory. The following concepts of classical physics are necessary to understand the reason for the necessity of special relativity. [Kin] Rules of kinematics. [N3] Newton’s three laws of motion. [PGR] Principle of Galilean Relativity.
What is Special Relativity? Use special relativity when you’re dealing with speeds close to the speed of light. As a result of Einstein’s postulates, weird stu starts to happen then... Einstein’s Postulates form the basis of special relativity: 1. The laws of physics are the same in all non-accelerating reference frames 2.
Special relativity is a theory that describes space and time and the motion of matter near the speed of light. It was developed by Henri Poincaré, Hermann Minkowski, Hendrik Lorentz and Albert Einstein in the early 1900s. Frames of Reference. When making physical observations, the frame of reference of the observer is important.
Frames of Reference and Newton’s Laws. The cornerstone of the theory of special relativity is the Principle of Relativity: The Laws of Physics are the same in all inertial frames of reference. We shall see that many surprising consequences follow from this innocuous looking statement.
Special relativity deals with observers who are moving at constant velocity. General relativity deals with observers who are undergoing acceleration. Einstein is famous because his theories of relativity made revolutionary predictions.
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