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- The odds ratio is a ratio of two sets of odds: the odds of the event occurring in an exposed group versus the odds of the event occurring in a non-exposed group. Odds ratios commonly are used to report case-control studies. The odds ratio helps identify how likely an exposure is to lead to a specific event.
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May 22, 2023 · The odds ratio is a ratio of two sets of odds: the odds of the event occurring in an exposed group versus the odds of the event occurring in a non-exposed group. Odds ratios commonly are used to report case-control studies.
- Steven Tenny, Mary R. Hoffman
- 2023/05/22
- University of Nebraska Medical Center
- Studies That Use Prevalence Data
- Conclusions
- References
Following participants while waiting for incident cases of disease is expensive and time-consuming. Often, epidemiologists need a faster (and cheaper) answer to their question about a particular exposure/disease combination. One might instead take advantage of prevalent cases of disease, which by definition have already occurred and therefore requi...
Epidemiologic data are often summarized in 2 × 2 tables. There are 2 main measures of association commonly used in epidemiology: the risk ratio/rate ratio (relative risk) and the odds ratio. The former is calculated for study designs that collect data on incidence: cohorts and RCTs. The latter is calculated for study designs that use prevalent case...
i. Bodner K, Bodner-Adler B, Wierrani F, Mayerhofer K, Fousek C, Niedermayr A, Grünberger. Effects of water birth on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2002;114(10-11):391-395. (↵ Return) ii. Declercq E. The absolute power of relative risk in debates on repeat cesareans and home birth in the United States. J Clin Ethics. 2013;24(...
- Marit L. Bovbjerg
- 2020
Calculating Odds Ratios. A study looking at breast cancer in women compared cases with non-cases, and found that 75/100 cases did not use calcium supplements compared with 25/100 of the non-cases. 1) Develop a table to display the data. 2) Calculate the odds of exposure in cases and non-cases.
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Apr 24, 2024 · Introduce the most common methods to assess risk in epidemiology: the odds ratio, and the relative risk. Learn how to analyze and report the odds ratio, and the relative risks as common methods of assessing risk from the results of epidemiological research studies
principles of study design, analysis and interpretation. In this chapter, we concentrate on practical aspects of how to design, plan and conduct an epi-demiological study. Only general issues are covered. Each research project and each study setting presents unique problems which cannot be dealt with here.
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The estimated odds ratio is 1.4 when simultaneously accounting for specialty, spending region, sole proprietor status, sex, and the interaction between specialty and sex. A different odds ratio would be found if the model included a different set of explanatory variables.
THINK ODDS RATIO (OR)!! • Odds ratio – Estimator of relative risk – Odds of E among cases compared with odds of E among controls – Also known as exposure odds ratio – OR = 1 - no association – OR > 1 - suggests E is a risk factor – OR < 1 - suggests E is protective
