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May 22, 2023 · The odds ratio is the ratio of the odds of the event happening in an exposed group versus a non-exposed group. The odds ratio is commonly used to report the strength of association between exposure and an event.
- Steven Tenny, Mary R. Hoffman
- 2023/05/22
- University of Nebraska Medical Center
Apr 24, 2024 · Introduce the most common methods to assess risk in epidemiology: the odds ratio, and the relative risk. Learn how to analyze and report the odds ratio, and the relative risks as common methods of assessing risk from the results of epidemiological research studies; Summarize the uses of odds ratio and relative risk in epidemiology.
- Studies That Use Prevalence Data
- Conclusions
- References
Following participants while waiting for incident cases of disease is expensive and time-consuming. Often, epidemiologists need a faster (and cheaper) answer to their question about a particular exposure/disease combination. One might instead take advantage of prevalent cases of disease, which by definition have already occurred and therefore requi...
Epidemiologic data are often summarized in 2 × 2 tables. There are 2 main measures of association commonly used in epidemiology: the risk ratio/rate ratio (relative risk) and the odds ratio. The former is calculated for study designs that collect data on incidence: cohorts and RCTs. The latter is calculated for study designs that use prevalent case...
i. Bodner K, Bodner-Adler B, Wierrani F, Mayerhofer K, Fousek C, Niedermayr A, Grünberger. Effects of water birth on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2002;114(10-11):391-395. (↵ Return) ii. Declercq E. The absolute power of relative risk in debates on repeat cesareans and home birth in the United States. J Clin Ethics. 2013;24(...
- Marit L. Bovbjerg
- 2020
The odds ratio is a versatile and robust statistic. For example, it can calculate the odds of an event happening given a particular treatment intervention (1). It can calculate the odds of a health outcome given exposure versus non-exposure to a substance or event (2).
- Mary L. McHugh
- 2009
The only measure of association that can be calculated in a case-control study is the odds ratio (OR) [the probability of being exposed among cases compared to the probability of being exposed among controls]. This particular odds ratio is referred to as the odds ratio of exposure.
The risk difference (RD) is the difference between the absolute risks of 2 interventions or risk factors. The RD represents excess risk attributed to the group with the higher risk. The odds ratio can estimate the risk ratio when the probability of an event is ≤10%.
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Apr 22, 2017 · Suppose we have a baseline exposure group and 2 other exposure groups for a case control study. Suppose the odds ratio for the first exposure is $1.5$ and the odds ratio for the second exposure is $1.8$. Does this mean that cases are $1.5$ times as likely to have exposure 1 than the controls?
