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May 22, 2023 · The odds ratio is a ratio of two sets of odds: the odds of the event occurring in an exposed group versus the odds of the event occurring in a non-exposed group. Odds ratios commonly are used to report case-control studies.
- Steven Tenny, Mary R. Hoffman
- 2023/05/22
- University of Nebraska Medical Center
Jan 1, 2016 · The odds ratio is a measurement of association that compares the odds of an event of those exposed to the odds of an event in those unexposed. It serves...
In epidemiological studies, the effect of exposure can be measured both in relative and absolute terms. The risk ratio, the incidence rate ratio, and the odds ratio are relative measures of...
The odds are the ratio of the probability that an outcome occurs to the probability that the outcome does not occur. For example, suppose that the probability of mortality is 0.3 in a group of patients. This can be expressed as the odds of dying: 0.3/ (1 − 0.3) = 0.43. When the probability is small, odds are virtually identical to the probability.
- Edward C. Norton, Bryan E. Dowd, Matthew L. Maciejewski
- 2018
The odds ratio divides the odds in the exposed group by the odds in the reference group. For our hypothetical example, the odds of hypertension for drinkers is 50%/50% or 1 to 1; and the odds for nondrinkers is 25%/75% or 1 to 3; thus, the odds ratio is OR 50%⁄50% ⁄ 25%⁄75% 3.0, or, equivalently, OR 1⁄1 ⁄ 1⁄3 3.0.
Odds ratios and odds ratios are related to the probability of a binary outcome typically are reported in a table with 95% CIs.
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Feb 1, 2008 · We propose a simple method to approximate a risk ratio from the adjusted odds ratio and derive an estimate of an association or treatment effect that better represents the true relative risk.
