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Loss of wings or underdeveloped wing muscles
- Flightless insects are bugs that have lost the ability to fly over evolutionary time. They often inhabit remote islands or specialized niches where flight is not essential. Common examples include fleas, ant workers, and female velvet worms. Characteristics of flightless bugs include the loss of wings or underdeveloped wing muscles.
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There are various disparate groups of wingless insects. Apterygota are a subclass of small, agile insects, distinguished from other insects by their lack of wings in the present and in their evolutionary history. They include Thysanura (silverfish and firebrats).
Oct 20, 2024 · Some examples of wingless young insects are: Nymphs - The immature stage of insects like grasshoppers, crickets, mantises, and stink bugs. Larvae - The juvenile stage of insects like beetles, butterflies, and moths.
Sep 26, 2023 · Wingless bugs and aphids have developed a variety of adaptations, such as strong legs for crawling on stems and leaves, or specialized mouthparts for feeding on plant tissue. Some examples of wingless hemipterans include squash bugs, which are known for their distinctive shape and coloration, and woolly aphids, which are covered in a waxy ...
Hexapoda is then divided into two classes: the Entognatha includes primitively wingless hexapods such as springtails, while all the ‘true’ insects are subdivided into five major groups also know as superorders, the Apterygota, Palaeoptera, Polyneoptera, Paraneoptera and Endopterygota.
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apterygote, broadly, any of the primitive wingless insects, distinct from the pterygotes, or winged insects. Used in this sense, the term apterygote commonly includes the primitive insects of the following groups: proturans, collembolans (springtails), diplurans, and species in the orders Zygentoma, Archaeognatha, and Monura (formerly the thysanurans).
The taxonomic status of the various groups that are considered apterygotes, however, remains unsettled. A typical apterygote, for example, is wingless and has six legs. The presence of six legs was once an important feature in the identification of true insects and enabled the identification of the apterygotes, including the proturans, collembolans, and diplurans and the now defunct Thysanura—the four groups that together made up the traditional subclass Apterygota (class Insecta). However, the proturans, collembolans, and diplurans are now considered by some entomologists to be offshoots from the main insectan stem of evolution and have been given independent taxonomic status as classes equivalent to the class Insecta. The term apterygote, therefore, is sometimes applied only to those groups thought to be ancestors of pterygotes—i.e., the silverfish, fishmoths, and firebrats (order Zygentoma) and the bristletails (order Archaeognatha), together with the extinct monurans (order Monura). For completeness of discussion, however, and because of the similarities of these primitive hexapods, the proturans, collembolans, and diplurans, as well as orders Zygentoma, Archaeognatha, and Monura, are included in this article.
Protura are minute (to 2 mm [0.08 inch] in length), elongated, and white and lack antennae. Distributed throughout the world in soil and leaf litter, they number about 800 species. Collembola are diverse in form, coloration, and habitat. Most species are less than 3 mm (0.1 inch) in length, but some range to 10 mm (0.4 inch). They have either elong...
The immature stages in all apterygotes are called nymphs. The young are similar to adults, changing little (slight metamorphosis) from molt to molt until sexual maturity is attained. In some groups, molting may continue throughout adult life. The greatest changes occur in the Protura, which is the only anamorphic hexapod group (i.e., an increase in number of body segments occurs at time of molting). The complete number of segments is present only after the third molt. There are at least six stages between molts (instars), and the last is the adult. Little is known about the postembryonic development of Diplura. Most species feed on both living and dead vegetable matter and fungi, although one group preys on other small invertebrates.
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The life cycles of the Collembola are diverse. Females may lay up to 800 eggs that hatch in 2 to 40 days. Three to 12 juvenile molts occur in intervals ranging from 11 days to a year, with up to 50 molts occurring in a lifetime, which can last from 4 to 18 months. Most Collembola feed on living or decaying plant material as well as on fungi, algae, and spores, while a few feed on carrion or are predatory.
In Zygentoma there may be more than 40 molts, although the adult stage is usually reached after about 12 molts. The silverfish (Lepisma saccharina) reaches sexual maturity in two or three years and molts multiple times in each subsequent year (sometimes molting more than two dozen times in a single year). They can live as long as seven years. In Archaeognatha there are six instars including adults. Both Zygentoma and Archaeognatha feed on decaying or dried vegetable material. Domestic silverfish eat plant and animal remains, paper, and artificial silk.
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Wingless insects. This page is about the Apterygota, small number of primitively wingless insects found in Britain and Ireland. This does not include the many more advanced insects which have secondarily lost their wings, or some groups now considered not to be insects (although closely related).
Jan 16, 2020 · Familiarity with the twenty-nine insect orders is the key to identifying and understanding insects. In this introduction, we have described the insect orders beginning with the most primitive wingless insects, and ending with the insect groups that have undergone the greatest evolutionary change.
