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  1. Key points. Classification attempts to impose a hierarchy on the complex and dynamic variety of life on Earth by describing how different species group together and how they are related to one...

  2. The first division of living things in the classification system is to put them into one of five kingdoms. The five kingdoms are: animals (all multicellular animals) plants (all green plants ...

  3. History. Two kingdoms of life. The classification of living things into animals and plants is an ancient one. Aristotle (384–322 BC) classified animal species in his History of Animals, while his pupil Theophrastus (c. 371 – c. 287 BC) wrote a parallel work, the Historia Plantarum, on plants. [7]

    • Domains. “Domains” are the top-level classification that categorizes life in the most general way. It’s even more general than asking whether an organism is a plant or an animal.
    • Kingdoms. After domains, the kingdom classification gets a bit more specific. For example, is it a plant or an animal? If it’s a plant, we categorize it in the plant kingdom.
    • Phylums. As we move down the levels of the classification of life, kingdoms are below domains. Each phylum is grouped into a kingdom, which is grouped into a domain.
    • Classes. As you move through the levels, the questions get more specific. Each order has a class, which is grouped into a phylum. For the animal kingdom, there are 35 phyla.
    • Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): Alternation of generations between the haploid (1n) gametophyte and diploid (2n) sporophyte is shown. (credit: modification of work by Peter Coxhead)
    • Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\): This life cycle of a fern shows alternation of generations with a dominant sporophyte stage. (credit "fern": modification of work by Cory Zanker; credit "gametophyte": modification of work by "Vlmastra"/Wikimedia Commons)
    • Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\): This life cycle of a moss shows alternation of generations with a dominant gametophyte stage. (credit: modification of work by Mariana Ruiz Villareal)
    • Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\): This apple seedling is an example of a plant in which the apical meristem gives rise to new shoots and root growth.
  4. Jan 21, 2020 · The Kingdom Plantae. All members of the plant kingdom share common features. Plants: are made of more than one cell. We call them multicellular; have cell walls; mainly cannot move; make their own food; The plant kingdom can be divided into groups based on plant structures. Plants with similar structures are grouped together.

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  6. Sep 4, 2018 · A plant kingdom is further classified into subgroups. Classification is based on the following criteria: Plant body: Presence or absence of a well-differentiated plant body. E.g. Root, Stem and Leaves. Vascular system: Presence or absence of a vascular system for the transportation of water and other substances. E.g.

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