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What is a plant kingdom?
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- Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): Alternation of generations between the haploid (1n) gametophyte and diploid (2n) sporophyte is shown. (credit: modification of work by Peter Coxhead)
- Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\): This life cycle of a fern shows alternation of generations with a dominant sporophyte stage. (credit "fern": modification of work by Cory Zanker; credit "gametophyte": modification of work by "Vlmastra"/Wikimedia Commons)
- Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\): This life cycle of a moss shows alternation of generations with a dominant gametophyte stage. (credit: modification of work by Mariana Ruiz Villareal)
- Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\): This apple seedling is an example of a plant in which the apical meristem gives rise to new shoots and root growth.
Kingdom: Animalia: Cells have nuclei and no cell wall. Phylum: Chordata: Have backbones. Class: Mammalia: Have hair and produce milk for young. Order: Primates: Have flat faces, forward facing...
The spores of seedless plants and the pollen of seed plants are surrounded by thick cell walls containing a tough polymer known as sporopollenin. This substance is characterized by long chains of organic molecules related to fatty acids and carotenoids, and gives most pollen its yellow color.
- Thallophyta
- Bryophytes
- Pteridophytes
- Gymnosperms
- Angiosperms
This group lacks the well-differentiated plant body i.e. the body is not differentiated into root, stem, and leaves. They have a body structure known as thallus. They reproduce vegetatively (by fragmentation), asexually (by spore formation) and sexually (by gamete formation). For example Chara, Spirogyra, Chlamydomonas, etc. Algae (singular alga) a...
Bryophytes (Bryophyta)are small, non-vascular plants and herbaceous plants which include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. These grow in the form of mats or cushions over rocks and soils, on trunks and leaves of trees. These grow on land but require water for reproduction. These are also called amphibians of the plant kingdom. They hold water as s...
Pteridophytes are vascular plants (contains xylem and phloem) and called as vascular cryptogams. They do not produce seeds or flowers. Pteridophytes are commonly found on land but some can be found in water too. They are also found on the trunks of other plants (epiphytic) and on rocks (epilithic). These have independent gametophytic and sporophyti...
Gymnosperms are seed-bearing, vascular plants with the well-differentiated body into stem, root, and leaves. They have naked seeds and do not bear flowers. These are woody and perennial trees. These are the most primitive seed plants. These include trees (tall and medium sized) and shrubs. Sequoia is the tallest redwood tree. The leaves are simple ...
Angiospermshave covered seeds (seeds enclosed inside fruit), well-differentiated plant body and well developed vascular system. They are also known as flower bearing plants. For example, Mango tree, Mustard plant, Wheat plant, etc. Angiosperms are further divided into two classes, Dicots, and Monocots. Flowers are the specialized structures where p...
The spores of seedless plants and the pollen of seed plants are surrounded by thick cell walls containing a tough polymer known as sporopollenin. This substance is characterized by long chains of organic molecules related to fatty acids and carotenoids, and gives most pollen its yellow color.
Sep 4, 2018 · 5,642. Classification of Kingdom Plantae. A plant kingdom is further classified into subgroups. Classification is based on the following criteria: Plant body: Presence or absence of a well-differentiated plant body. E.g. Root, Stem and Leaves.
Sep 13, 2024 · The organisms known as fungi also were once considered to be plants because they reproduce by spores and possess a cell wall. The fungi, however, uniformly lack chlorophyll, and they are heterotrophic and chemically distinct from the plants; thus, they are placed in a separate kingdom, Fungi.
