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- Prokaryota. This kingdom includes bacteria and blue-green bacteria. The main features of all organisms within Prokaryota include: Most are unicellular (some can be found as filaments of cells or groupings of similar cells known as colonies)
- Kingdom Protoctista. All Protoctista are eukaryotic, and this broad group of cellular life encompasses all eukaryotic cells that do not belong to the other three eukaryotic kingdoms.
- Kingdom Fungi. All fungi are eukaryotic cells. The cells of fungi: Possess non-cellulose cell walls (often made of the polysaccharide chitin) Don’t have cilia.
- Kingdom Plantae. Plants are multicellular eukaryotic organisms. Plant cells: All have cell walls composed of cellulose. Possess large (and usually permanent) vacuoles that provide structural support.
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- Thallophyta
- Bryophyta
- Pteridophyta
- Gymnosperms
- Angiosperms
A plant kingdom is further classified into subgroups. Classification is based on the following criteria: 1. Plant body: Presence or absence of a well-differentiated plant body. E.g. Root, Stem and Leaves. 2. Vascular system: Presence or absence of a vascular system for the transportation of water and other substances. E.g. Phloem and Xylem. 3. Seed...
Thallophytes lack a well-differentiated body structure and the plant body is thallus like. Thallophyta includes plants with primitive and simple body structures. The plant body is thallus, they may be filamentous, colonial, branched or unbranched. Examples include green algae, red algae and brown algae. Common examples are Volvox, Fucus, Spirogyra,...
Bryophytes do not have vascular tissues. The plant body has root-like, stem-like and leaf-like structures. Bryophytes are terrestrial plants but are known as “amphibians of the plant kingdom” as they require water for sexual reproduction. They are present in moist and shady places. Bryophyta includes mosses, hornworts and liverworts. Some of the co...
Pteridophytes have a well-differentiated plant body into root, stem and leaves. They have a vascular system for the conduction of water and other substances. Some of the common examples are Selaginella, Equisetum, Pteris, etc. More Details: Pteridophyta
Gymnosperms have a well-differentiated plant body and vascular tissues. They bear naked seeds, i.e. seeds are not enclosed within a fruit. Some of the common examples of gymnosperms are Cycas, Pinus, Ephedra, etc.
Angiosperms are seed-bearing vascular plants with a well-differentiated plant body. The seeds of angiosperms are enclosed within the fruits. Angiosperms are widely distributed and vary greatly in size, e.g. Wolffia is small measuring about 0.1 cm and Eucalyptus trees are around 100 m tall. Angiosperms are further divided into monocotyledons and dic...
Kingdom: Plantae, animalia, fungi, protoctista and prokaryotae. Phylum: Groups organisms according to body plan eg backbone. Class: Groups organisms to do with general trait eg number of legs....
Mosses, ferns, conifers, and flowering plants are all members of the plant kingdom. The plant kingdom contains mostly photosynthetic organisms; a few parasitic forms have lost the ability to photosynthesize. The process of photosynthesis uses chlorophyll, which is located in organelles called chloroplasts.
Plants possess cell walls containing cellulose. Most plants reproduce sexually, but they also have diverse methods of asexual reproduction. Plants exhibit indeterminate growth, meaning they do not have a final body form, but continue to grow body mass until they die.
All are eukaryotic, multicellular with differentiated tissues, and photosynthetic. There are more than 300,000 species of cataloged plants. Of these, more than 260,000 are seed plants. Mosses, ferns, conifers, and flowering plants are all members of the plant kingdom.
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Plants possess cell walls containing cellulose. Most plants reproduce sexually, but they also have diverse methods of asexual reproduction. Plants exhibit indeterminate growth, meaning they do not have a final body form, but continue to grow body mass until they die.
