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Lymphoma Is The Most Common Cancer In Teenagers. Get To Know The Signs And Symptoms. Our Mission Is To Educate & Empower Young People To Get To Know Their Body.
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Changes to your body's normal processes or unusual, unexplained symptoms can sometimes be an early sign of cancer. Symptoms that need to be checked by a doctor include: a lump that suddenly appears on your body
- Cancer Symptoms
If your GP thinks you have symptoms that could be cancer,...
- Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer usually develops slowly, so there may be no...
- Bowel Cancer
Bowel cancer is cancer found anywhere in the large bowel,...
- Lung Cancer
Cancer that begins in the lungs is called primary lung...
- Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
Non-melanoma skin cancer Find out about non-melanoma skin...
- Breast Cancer
Anyone can get breast cancer. Find out about breast cancer...
- Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer is a cancer that's found anywhere in the...
- Head and Neck Cancer
Oesophageal (gullet) cancer, thyroid cancer, brain tumours...
- Cancer Symptoms
- What Cancer Staging Is
- Why Staging Is Important
- Cancer Spread in The Lymph Nodes
- Adjuvant Treatment
- Types of Staging Systems
- The TNM Staging System
- Number Staging Systems
- Carcinoma in Situ
- Related Information
Staging is a way of describing the size of a cancer and how far it has grown. When doctors first diagnose a cancer, they carry out tests to: 1. check how big the cancer is 2. whether it has spread into surrounding tissues 3. whether it has spread to other parts of the body Cancer staging may sometimes includes the grade of the cancer. This describe...
Staging is important because it helps your treatment team to know which treatments you need. Doctors may recommend a local treatment if your cancer is in just one place. This might be surgery or radiotherapy. This could be enough to get rid of the cancer completely. A local treatment treats only an area of the body. But you might need treatment tha...
Sometimes doctors aren't sure if a cancer has spread to another part of the body or not. So they look for cancer cells in the lymph nodes near the cancer. Cancer cells in these nodes is a sign that the cancer has started to spread. This is often called having positive lymph nodes. It means that the cells have broken away from the original cancer an...
Adjuvant treatment means having treatment in addition to the main treatment for the primary cancer . Doctors suggest adjuvant treatment if you have cancer cells in the lymph nodes. An example of this is having chemotherapy after surgery. The aim of adjuvant treatment is to kill any cancer cells that have broken away from the primary tumour.
There are 2 main types of staging systems for cancer. These are the TNM system and the number system. The systems mean that: 1. doctors have a common language to describe the size and spread of cancers 2. doctors can compare treatment results between research studies 3. different hospitals and clinics have standard treatment guidelines Some blood c...
The TNM staging system stands for Tumour, Node, Metastasis. 1. T describes the size of the tumour 2. N describes whether there are any cancer cells in the lymph nodes 3. M describes whether the cancer has spread to a different part of the body The system uses letters and numbers to describe the cancer. Trefers to the size of the cancer and how far ...
Number staging systems use the TNM system to divide cancers into stages. Most types of cancer have 4 stages, numbered from 1 to 4. Doctors often write the stage down in Roman numerals. So they may write stage 4 as stage IV. Here is a brief summary of what the stages mean for most types of cancer: Stage 1usually means that a cancer is small and cont...
Carcinoma in situ is sometimes called stage 0 cancer or 'in situ neoplasm'. It means that there is a group of abnormal cells in an area of the body. The cells may develop into cancer at some time in the future. The changes in the cells are called dysplasia. The number of abnormal cells is too small to form a tumour. Some doctors or researchers call...
You can read our information about: 1. cancer grading 2. cancer treatments 3. specific staging systems for different types of cancer Next review due: 10 October 2026
If your GP thinks you have symptoms that could be cancer, they'll refer you to a specialist. This will usually be an urgent referral. Coughing, chest pain and breathlessness. Speak to a GP if you've had a cough for 3 weeks or more. Symptoms such as shortness of breath or chest pain may also be a sign of a condition such as pneumonia.
- The main types of cancer. Our bodies are made up of billions of cells. The cells are so small that we can only see them under a microscope. Cells group together to make up the tissues and organs of our bodies.
- Carcinomas. Carcinomas start in epithelial tissues. These tissues: cover the outside of the body such as the skin. cover and line all the organs inside the body such as the organs of the digestive system.
- Sarcomas. Sarcomas start in connective tissues. These are the supporting tissues of the body. Connective tissues include the bones, cartilage, tendons and fibrous tissue that support organs.
- Leukaemias – cancers of blood cells. Leukaemia is cancer of the white blood cells. The bone marrow makes too many white blood cells. The blood cells are not fully formed and so they don't work properly.
Dec 7, 2022 · Some general signs and symptoms associated with, but not specific to, cancer, include: Fatigue. Lump or area of thickening that can be felt under the skin. Weight changes, including unintended loss or gain. Skin changes, such as yellowing, darkening or redness of the skin, sores that won't heal, or changes to existing moles.
Oct 11, 2021 · Cancer is a disease caused when cells divide uncontrollably and spread into surrounding tissues. Cancer is caused by changes to DNA. Most cancer-causing DNA changes occur in sections of DNA called genes. These changes are also called genetic changes.
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