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- Dinosaur Adventure Jungle Adventure Action Adventure Sci-Fi A new theme park, built on the original site of Jurassic Park, creates a genetically modified hybrid dinosaur, the Indominus Rex, which escapes containment and goes on a killing spree.
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Jurassic World: Directed by Colin Trevorrow. With Chris Pratt, Bryce Dallas Howard, Irrfan Khan, Vincent D'Onofrio. A new theme park, built on the original site of Jurassic Park, creates a genetically modified hybrid dinosaur, the Indominus Rex, which escapes containment and goes on a killing spree.
- (686K)
- Action, Adventure, Sci-Fi
- Colin Trevorrow
- 2015-06-12
Jun 11, 1993 · An industrialist invites some experts to visit his theme park of cloned dinosaurs. After a power failure, the creatures run loose, putting everyone's lives, including his grandchildren's, in danger.
- (1.1M)
- Action, Adventure, Sci-Fi
- Steven Spielberg
- 1993-06-11
- Overview
- History
- Characteristics
- Behind the Scenes
- Trivia
- References
—Roland Tembo(src)
, commonly known as T. rex, is a species of theropod dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous Period, 72 to 66 million years ago. Arguably the most famous species of dinosaur, T. rex lived in what is now North America, alongside species such as Ankylosaurus, Edmontosaurus, Pachycephalosaurus, Alamosaurus, Nanotyrannus, Triceratops, and Torosaurus. Tyrannosaurus rex was among many dinosaur species cloned by InGen and settled on the Costa Rican islands of Isla Sorna and Isla Nublar, for use as an attraction for Jurassic Park, and later, Jurassic World.
An apex predator capable of reaching thirteen meters in length, Tyrannosaurus rex was the largest species of Tyrannosaurid, and was intended to be the star attraction of John Hammond's vision for the original Jurassic Park. During the Isla Nublar Incident in 1993, a female T. rex escaped from her enclosure, and became wild on the island. Seven Tyrannosaurs existed on Isla Sorna, an island in the Muertes Archipelago originally used by InGen as a cloning facility for their dinosaurs. A family unit consisting of an adult male, an adult female and an infant were encountered during the Isla Sorna Incident in 1997, during which the male was captured and brought to San Diego, where it was intended to be used in the failed park, that Hammond had originally envisioned before acquiring Isla Nublar. The animal promptly escaped and wreaked havoc on the city, before being returned to Site B. Three years later, another male Tyrannosaur was encountered on Isla Sorna, where it fought and was killed by a Spinosaurus. Sometime in 2016, two female Tyrannosaurus rexes were involved in an incident with the kids of Camp Cretaceous on an island owned and operated by Mantah Corp.
The individual from the original park was eventually captured in 2002 and placed in captivity in Jurassic World on Nublar, residing in T. rex Kingdom. During the climactic events of the 2015 Jurassic World Incident, it was released from captivity and fought and helped defeat, the genetically modified hybrid Indominus rex. This same T. rex became wild once more, though became threatened three years later during the volcanic eruption of Mount Sibo. Before Mount Sibo erupted, many dinosaurs were brought off the island, including the T. rex, to be auctioned off at the Lockwood Manor. The T. rex, along with many other dinosaurs, ended up being released into the wild.
In the Past
A later flashback in the Cretaceous showed that a feathered Tyrannosaurus rex appeared in prehistoric times where it was clashed against a Giganotosaurus, but it was killed after the battle. A mosquito lands on and bites the dinosaur's right side of the snout, giving the future scientists of Jurassic Park the chance to create Rexy, the modern descendant of this very same T. rex.
Isla Nublar Incident & Aftermath (1993)
—John Hammond, to Ellie Sattler and Alan Grant.(src) Seven Tyrannosaurus rex were cloned by InGen scientists in their compound on Isla Sorna, circa 1990. A female Tyrannosaurus rex was transported to Isla Nublar to star as the main attraction of Jurassic Park, inhabiting the Tyrannosaur Paddock. The paddock was originally intended to be inhabited by an adult, and a juvenile Rex, though it is unknown if a juvenile was ever transported there. A Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton was also on display in Jurassic Park's Visitor Center along with the skeleton of an Alamosaurus. Nublar's Tyrannosaurus rex was supposed to have been seen by InGen's endorsement team on their tour of Jurassic Park. However, despite attempts by Ray Arnold to lure her out of her paddock with a live goat, it did not originally reveal herself to the visitors. When Dennis Nedry disabled most of Jurassic Park's security with a sophisticated virus, it was one of the dinosaurs that were able to roam the island freely. One of the embryos Nedry stole from the Cold Storage Room was Tyrannosaurus rex. Upon eating the goat that was left for her, the Tyrannosaur escaped her exhibit and attacked the endorsement team, who were stranded near her paddock, eating Donald Gennaro. After pushing the tour vehicle of Lex and Tim Murphy off a cliff with Tim inside the vehicle, she attacked Dr. Ellie Sattler and Robert Muldoon who were searching for the survivors. After a short chase, she gave up, though. The next day, during Grant’s, Tim’s, and Lex’s continued trek to the Visitor Center, they found themselves in the Gallimimus Enclosure, and witnessed a stampeding herd of Gallimimus. They ran alongside the dinosaurs momentarily before hiding behind a fallen log. The T. rex suddenly crashed through the nearby bushes next to the stampede stumbling a Gallimimus. This Gallimimus tried to run away, but was too slow to react, and the Tyrannosaur lunged at it, catching the dinosaur in her jaws before proceeding to shake the Gallimimus to death. Dr. Grant, Lex, and Tim watched in amazement as the T. rex started to feast on the carcass. Lex begged Dr. Grant for them to go, to which Grant obliged. However, Tim continued to stare in fascination and so had to be forcibly taken away by Dr. Grant. She never fully consumed this Gallimimus and its remains were still present in the location where it had died by October 6, 2002, over a decade later. Her roar was later heard from afar when Dr. Grant and the kids were trying to get through the deactivated electric fence, prompting them to climb over. The T. rex was seen later that day when she had come through the hole in the wall and grabbed a Raptor from mid-air just as it was to pounce on the humans and crushed it in her jaws. Using the distraction that she provided, the humans fled. Meanwhile, another Raptor that pursued the group through the Visitors Center pounced on the larger theropod. She snapped at her but could not reach her as the raptor continued to rip and tear madly. Rolling her head, the Raptor fell into the T. rex's mouth where she was killed and then thrown against the Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton and the T. rex let out a mighty bellow in triumph as the "When Dinosaurs Ruled the Earth" sign fell to the ground. In the aftermath of the incident, the T. rex went wild and lived on Isla Nublar for about a decade, probably surviving off any of the herbivorous dinosaurs that managed to survive the incident.
San Diego Incident (1997)
—Dr. Sarah Harding, to Ian Malcolm during the Isla Sorna Incident(src) The Tyrannosaurus rex on Isla Sorna became wild after Hurricane Clarissa struck the island, soon after the abandonment of Isla Nublar. They were freed by the workers on the island before they fled. As with the T. rex on Nublar, to counter the Lysine contingency, T. rex and the other carnivorous dinosaurs ate herbivores who in turn ate lysine-rich plants as one of their sources of lysine. Tyrannosaurus rex had varying levels of success on Isla Sorna. A Tyrannosaur family was involved in both the Isla Sorna Incident of 1997 and the following San Diego Incident. Their involvement began when the son was taken from the parents by InGen Hunters Roland Tembo and his hunting partner Ajay Sidhu, who intended to use the infant as bait to lure the father, whom Tembo, a seasoned hunter, aspired to kill. While the infant called for his parents to rescue, Peter Ludlow accidentally broke his leg while drunk, when he was startled by the sound of an animal moving through the undergrowth. After the Gatherers freed the dinosaurs captured by the InGen Hunters, Nick Van Owen discovered the infant T. rex. He decided to take him back to his team's mobile laboratory, where he and Dr. Sarah Harding mended the juvenile's leg. However, his parents arrived after first aid was applied, and began to corner the laboratory. Dr. Harding realized that the two Tyrannosaurs weren't exhibiting hunting behavior so she convinced her fellow Gatherers to hand the young T. rex to his parents. Upon returning the infant to safety, the adult Tyrannosaurs returned to the mobile lab and began to push it over a cliff. However, Eddie Carr saved his fellow Gatherers from falling with the RV, but was promptly killed by the predators. Attracted by the smell of blood on Dr. Harding's shirt, the Tyrannosaurs parents traveled to the new camp of the Gatherers and the Hunters, and attacked the camp. While the Hunters fled, the female Tyrannosaur followed, killing many of them in the process. As the Tyrannosaur Buck continued his search, he was tranquilized by Roland Tembo (due to the fact that Nick Van Owen stole the bullets intended to hunt the dinosaur). After the female Tyrannosaur's attack, Peter Ludlow ordered the remaining InGen Hunters to secure the Tyrannosaur Buck and recapture the juvenile T. rex for Jurassic Park: San Diego. But his plan went astray when the Tyrannosaur Buck escaped confinement upon reaching San Diego, California and went rampaging throughout the city, killing several civilians. To stop the chaos, gatherers Sarah Harding and Ian Malcolm broke into Jurassic Park: San Diego to steal the baby Tyrannosaur so they use him to lure his father back into the docks. The plan worked, but when Peter Ludlow tried to recapture the juvenile, he was crippled by the Tyrannosaur Buck and finished off by the infant. The Tyrannosaur Buck's rampage ended when Dr. Harding tranquilized him before the San Diego police could shoot him. Both Tyrannosaurus father and son were reunited once more with the female when they were transported back to Isla Sorna. As a result of the San Diego Incident, Isla Sorna, and presumably Isla Nublar, were designated as restricted areas. In 1999 Dr. Wu secretly returned to Site B, and illegaly cloned several new dinosaurs. One of which was a Spinosaurus that managed to claim the north side of Isla Sorna as its territory.
Physical attributes
cloned by InGen had fully scaled skin as juveniles and as adults, when it is considered by scientists that Tyrannosaurus rex was feathered at least some parts of its body. The presence of feathers was seen in the naturally born individuals seen in the sequence taking place in the Cretaceous Period, where an adult Tyrannosaurus rex sports a short cape and mane of filamentous feathers across its back, neck, and shoulders. Its skin was thick, being able to offer some resistance to the razor-sharp toe claws of a Velociraptor, and the sharp claws of the hybrid Indominus rex that were able to debilitate a full-grown Apatosaurus as well as the strong bite of the Indominus, which was able to crack the bulletproof glass of a Gyrosphere. However, many of the adult Tyrannosaurs encountered by humans would bear at least one scar that would be found on their head or neck. Two adult males had a single scar on the side of their face. The individual from Isla Nublar had several scars on her neck from a cloned Velociraptor that pounced on her. According to evidence from the encounter between a Spinosaurus and a Tyrannosaurus rex on Isla Sorna, it suggests that the neck muscles of Tyrannosaurus rex could potentially be a vulnerable area. The Spinosaurus was able to successfully kill a Tyrannosaurus rex and nearly defeat another individual called "Big Eatie." Additionally, a Gigantosaurus was able to overcome an ancestor of the Tyrannosaurus rex. These instances indicate that the neck muscles of Tyrannosaurus rex may have been a weak spot, susceptible to attacks from certain predators. Sexual dimorphism was present in the recreated Tyrannosaurus rex, such as the males having a throat wattle and much more prominent brows. The males also had deeper vocalizations than the females, though the female T. rex of Isla Nublar also had deepened vocalizations when she got older. Every adult Tyrannosaur encountered each had their own unique skin color and pattern. Males tended to have a green skin color and females tended to have a brown color while the juvenile known as Junior was a mix of the two aforementioned colors. According to founder and former CEO of InGen John Hammond, the cloned T. rex could run at speeds of 32 mph. The clones seemed to have had an accelerated growth cycle as the Tyrannosaurus rex of Isla Nublar was the size of a 28-year-old when she was only five and the only juvenile observed, Junior, was the size of a two-year-old tyrannosaurid yet was still highly dependent on his parents. In 2018, the Dinosaur Protection Group website uploaded an informative graphic for the "average" InGen Tyrannosaurus rex, with a length of 12 meters (39.4 feet, though this is commonly rounded up to a simple 40 feet in the franchise) and 7 tons (14,000 pounds). However, one female specimen had grown larger, measuring over 13.5 meters (44.3 feet) long and standing over 5.5 meters (18 feet) tall. Rexy, a late 20-year-old Tyrannosaurus rex, exhibited remarkable stamina and endurance as she pursued Claire relentlessly from the confines of her enclosure all the way to Main Street, where she encountered the decorative skeleton of a Spinosaurus. Despite sustaining injuries, Rexy valiantly engaged in a brutal confrontation with the ferocious Indominus rex. Surprisingly, her stamina did not falter even in the face of adversity. With the assistance of Blue, another dinosaur (Velociraptor), Rexy prolonged the fight against the Indominus rex until its eventual demise on Main Street. Following this arduous battle, Rexy managed to walk away, triumphantly leaving the scene.
Behavior
Unlike their prehistoric forebears, Tyrannosaurs bred by InGen were thought to hunt prey by seeing movement, likely considering stationary objects to be less of a threat. This theory would be called into question during an incident on Isla Nublar where social media influencer Brooklynn tricked a T. rex into attacking a static cardboard cutout bearing her likeness. From what has been observed of wild Tyrannosaurs, they were solitary animals, though a breeding pair on Isla Sorna roamed in the island in a pack. Contrary to Robert Burke beliefs, supports the idea that Tyrannosaurs, including Tyrannosaurus rex, exhibited caring parental behaviors. Dr. Sarah Harding's theory, which aligns with current understanding, suggests that T. rex parents took care of their young. The offspring would remain in a nest while the parents provided food for them for approximately two weeks, until the juveniles were able to hunt independently. While the exact number of eggs and young in a T. rex litter remains uncertain, it is known that if a T. rex baby went missing, the parents would actively search for it, relying on the cries of the missing offspring or the scent of its blood. However, if the parents were too far away to hear the calls, they likely relied on their territorial boundaries to protect their offspring within their home. If Tyrannosaur parents detected the scent of their offspring's blood on a potential threat, they would confront and address the perceived danger. This behavior indicates a strong protective instinct and a willingness to defend their young. The observations of family, like Big Eatie and Little Eatie provide evidence that mother and daughter Tyrannosaurus rex can remain together as a family, even when the daughter reaches a size comparable to her mother or close to it as sub adult. Despite uncertainties about the exact age at which Little Eatie would typically become independent, she still appears to rely on her mother for guidance. The limited environment they inhabit may contribute to the daughter's continued presence with her mother, as it may not provide sufficient resources or suitable conditions for her to venture out on her own. Little Eatie has demonstrated her strength by successfully defending herself against aggressive dinosaurs, but she also exhibits signs of fear when confronted with overwhelming numbers, prompting her mother to intervene and protect her. In their interaction, Big Eatie and Little Eatie frequently partake in playful displays of aggression, emulating the semblance of a genuine fight. This behavior is characterized by vigorous cranio-facial biting and jovially pushing each other using their bodies. The aforementioned conduct, as witnessed during the interaction between Big Eatie, the maternal figure, and her daughter, is indicative of their spirited and lighthearted approach. reflected a high level of intelligence in several instances. The individual of Isla Nublar, in particular, has shown a good deal of intelligence during both the Isla Nublar incidents in both 1993 and 2015. In the former, she tested the electrical fences after the power outage, seemingly aware of the lack of power before attempting to escape. During the incident in 2015, it showed enough intelligence not to attack Blue during and after their fight with the Indominus, aware of the key role the Velociraptor played in distracting the hybrid as it attempted to kill her. Both the male and female Tyrannosaurus during the Isla Sorna Incident in 1997 also showed a high degree of intelligence, seen in their efforts to protect their infant from the humans, even going so far as to push a trailer over a cliff and hunt in a familial pack. In the late Cretaceous period, Tyrannosaurus rex was the ancestor of dinosaurs like Rexy, Buck, and Doe. These individuals were cloned from this ancient species. While the original Tyrannosaurus rex was likely a solitary creature, capable of living and hunting alone, it is interesting to note that if a pair of T. rex encountered a lone individual, they could potentially socialize with it and even accept it into their group, forming a pack. It is possible that Rexy, who had been living on Isla Nublar without any contact with her own kind for many years, may not have had the opportunity to learn how to interact aggressively or peacefully with other T. rex. This means that when she encountered Buck and Doe, who were also clones of the same species, there was a chance for a calm and non-hostile interaction. It's important to consider that a lone Tyrannosaurus rex might be aggressive towards others of its kind due to territorial or resource competition, or for the protection of their young. However, in Rexy's case, she did not have any territory, resources, or young to defend, which may have contributed to the peaceful encounter with Buck and Doe.
Jurassic Park (1993)The Lost World: Jurassic Park (1997)Jurassic Park III (2001)Jurassic World (2015) and Fallen Kingdom (2018)saw the return of the T. rex that appeared in Jurassic Park. Director Colin Trevorrow described the film "This is [the Tyrannosaur's] Unforgiven."[103] The T. rex model was created by Steve Jubinville and the director aimed to make the model look as close as possible to its design in the first film.[104] The Jurassic World Tyrannosaurus rex was made to look older by giving her the scars she received from the end of Jurassic Park as well as tightened skin. The T. rex was primarily portrayed with performance capture technology rather than life-sized animatronics.[103] animatronics on set for In Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom, the Tyrannosaurus rex was recreated through a mixture of traditional animatronics and CGI.Dominion (2022)Cultural Impact
In popular culture, Tyrannosaurus rex has an iconic status shared by few other species, helped in no small part by the prominent role of the T. rex in all five films in the Jurassic Park franchise. The design of the Jurassic Park franchise's Tyrannosaurus rex is a notably popular way to depict T. rex in media.[105] Mike Trcic expressed disappointment with the popularity of this design in an interview with Shannon Shea (who worked with Trcic on Jurassic Park). In the interview, he said regarding how popular the design had become, “Whenever I search Google images for a Tyrannosaurus Rex [sic], most of the art I see is based on the original JP Rex. It’s a shame that people just accept that somehow it IS what a T-Rex [sic] looked like. It’s limiting because unless someone can travel back 65 million years, how can anyone be completely sure?”[106] The vocalizations that were created by Gary Rydstrom are also a popularly used sound effect. Jurassic World sound designer Al Nelson said regarding how famous its roars were in the films: "The T. rex is one of the most iconic sounds in all of film history. Every sound designer knows it. Almost any kid knows it. When you hear it, you're like 'That's the T. rex!'"[107]
Paleontology
Section for real-life paleontology Like other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus rex had very short arms with only two fingers. Despite the limbs' size, each were able to bench-press about 400 pounds. Although these were probably nearly useless while hunting, its jaws were not: Tyrannosaurus rex has an enormous skull armed with teeth the size of bananas. Unlike the teeth of most theropods, the teeth of tyrannosaurids are very thick and capable of crushing bones and with a bite force of a minimum of 4 tons of force and probably more, crushing bone, ripping flesh, and bursting blood vessels of the victim. The skull and neck bones show that T. rex had the largest neck muscles of any meat-eating dinosaur. It probably used its strong neck to twist and pull off big chunks of meat that it grasped with its jaws while supporting the huge head. Tyrannosaurus rex could bite with extremely strong force - one fossilized skeleton shows that it crushed and swallowed the bones of a smaller plant-eating dinosaur while another shows a T. rex coprolite with the crushed frill of a Triceratops. Additionally, in Jurassic World: Alive, the Generation 2 Tyrannosaurus is referred to as Tyrannosaurus magnus, which scientists have considered a separate genus, Zhuchengtyrannus. A 2016 study suggested that T. rex probably didn't roar, but most likely cooed, hooted, and made deep-throated booming sounds like the modern-day emu.
1.Holtz T.R., Brett-Surman M., Jurassic World Dinosaur Field Guide, page 126-127.
2.Jurassic Park: The Game: "T. rex Chase"
4.Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom Cite error: Invalid tag; name "JWFK" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid tag; name "JWFK" defined multiple times with different content
8.The Tyrannosaurus, according to JurassicWorld.com, had lived on Isla Nublar for 25 years, so Tyrannosaurus was probably recreated around 1990 or before. This also means that it would have been 3 years old of age at the time of the Isla Nublar Incident of 1993.
9.↑
10.Image from the Masrani backdoor
The major reason was the T. rex chasing a Jeep, a scene that took two months to finish. [74] The dinosaur is depicted with a vision system based on movement, though later studies indicate the T. rex had binocular vision comparable to a bird of prey. [86]
Jun 12, 2015 · Located off the coast of Costa Rica, the Jurassic World luxury resort provides a habitat for an array of genetically engineered dinosaurs, including the vicious and intelligent Indominus rex.
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- Adventure, Action, Sci-Fi, Mystery & Thriller
- PG-13
Feb 26, 2024 · Can you picture a scenario where kids become the best friends of more than one dinosaur? Something similar happens in our last pick on the list, The Dinosaur’s Story. The film begins when a T-rex, a triceratops, a pteranodon, and a parasaurolophus are discovered by two kids living in the heart of New York City.
Jurassic World is a 2015 science fiction action adventure film, and the fourth entry of the franchise and a sequel to Jurassic Park 3, directed by Colin Trevorrow, with a screenplay by Trevorrow and Derek Connolly. The film stars Chris Pratt, Bryce Dallas Howard, and features B. D. Wong, the latter of which reprises his role of Henry Wu from ...
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