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Under occupation, Katowice was annexed by Nazi Germany and became the capital of the Gau of Upper Silesia, replacing the former capital of Opole. Under Nazi rule, many [citation needed] of the city's historical monuments were destroyed, the street names were renamed to German and the use of the Polish language was banned.
The area which would become Katowice was initially ruled by the Polish Silesian Piast dynasty until its extinction. [13] From 1327, the region was under administration of the Kingdom of Bohemia under the Holy Roman Empire .
1299: First recorded settlement in Silesia, ruled by Polish Silesian Piast dynasty. 1335: Territory becomes part of Crown of Bohemia. 1526: Territory passed to Austrian Habsburg Monarchy. 1598: First documented settlement in Katowice area.
When the city was ruled by Prussia (from 1742) the Upper Silesia and Katowice underwent an intense period of economic development. The idea to establish the city belonged to Franz Winckler, a mining entrepreneur, who in 1839 was the owner of the Katowice area.
By this time the region had changed from Bohemian hands to the domain of the Habsburg dynasty. Things started hotting up in 1742 when the area changed hands once more, this time as the property of the Prussians. 1788 saw Karolina – the area's first mine – opened, and by 1822 historic documents note 102 homesteads in the village of Katowice.
The first mention of Katowice goes back to 1598 and is found in notes made by the Reverend Kazimierski who visited the Bogucice parish. However, the history of the city was marked by fates of several much earlier Slavic agricultural settlements dating from the 14th and 16th centuries as well as smithies which now make up the city quarters.
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The area which would become Katowice was initially ruled by the Polish Silesian Piast dynasty until its extinction. From 1327, the region was under administration of the Kingdom of Bohemia under the Holy Roman Empire. As part of the Bohemian Crown, it was passed to the Habsburg monarchy of Austria in 1526.
