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Hardening rubbers
- Vulcanization (British English: vulcanisation) is a range of processes for hardening rubbers. The term originally referred exclusively to the treatment of natural rubber with sulfur, which remains the most common practice. It has also grown to include the hardening of other (synthetic) rubbers via various means.
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Vulcanization. Vulcanization is a thermochemical process that cures the rubber by incorporating sulfur and/or other accelerators, for example, peroxide, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and so on, into the rubber compound. From: Waste (Second Edition), 2019
- History
- How Vulcanization Works
- Effects of Vulcanization
- Uses of Vulcanized Rubber
- References
Many plants produce latex, including the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), bananas, milkweeds, and dandelions. Latex contains the polymerpolyisoprene, which is elastic and waterproof. Archeological studies show the Mesoamericans used rubber for balls and waterproofing textiles and containers. Charles Marie de La Condamine presented samples of Ameri...
Vulcanization hardens or cures rubber by cross-linking its polymer strands. In Goodyear’s process, heat supplies the energy to connect the carbon atoms in polyisoprene molecules by sulfur bridges. The number of sulfur atoms forming the chain between molecules influences the final properties of the vulcanized rubber. For example, short rubber crossl...
Vulcanization changes the chemical composition of rubber, so of course it alters the material’s chemical, physical, and mechanical properties. Here are some of the effects: 1. Shrinkage: Vulcanization shrinks rubber, as cross-linking draws the polymer chains closer together. 2. Irreversible: The effects of vulcanization are permanent and cannot be ...
Today, most rubber is vulcanized. Vulcanized rubber finds use in vehicle tires, shoe soles, erasers, toys, shoe soles, wet suits, hoses, and belts.
Akiba, M. (1997). “Vulcanization and crosslinking in elastomers”. Progress in Polymer Science. 22 (3): 475–521. doi:10.1016/S0079-6700(96)00015-9Engels, Hans-Wilhelm; et al. (2011) “Rubber, 9. Chemicals and Additives”. Ullman’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a23_365.pub3Hosler, D.; Burkett, S.L.; Tarkanian, M.J. (1999). “Prehistoric polymers: Rubber processing in ancient Mesoamerica”. Science. 284 (5422): 1988–1991. doi:10.1126/science.284.5422.1988Mark, James E.; Erman, Burak (eds.) (2005). Science and Technology of Tubber. ISBN 0-12-464786-3.vulcanization, chemical process by which the physical properties of natural or synthetic rubber are improved; finished rubber has higher tensile strength and resistance to swelling and abrasion, and is elastic over a greater range of temperatures.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Definition. Vulcanization is a chemical process that involves the crosslinking of polymer chains, typically through the addition of sulfur or other curing agents, to enhance the mechanical properties and thermal stability of rubber.
Dec 6, 2016 · Vulcanization is a chemical process which enhances the properties of most elastomers including natural and synthetic rubber products. It is considered as the most revolutionized invention in the polymer industry. Vulcanization was first discovered by Charles Goodyear.
Vulcanization can be defined as the curing of elastomers, with the terms 'vulcanization' and 'curing' sometimes used interchangeably in this context. It works by forming cross-links between sections of the polymer chain which results in increased rigidity and durability, as well as other changes in the mechanical and electrical properties of ...
Vulcanization is a chemical process in which sulfur or other crosslinking agents are added to diene polymers, such as natural and synthetic rubbers. This process creates covalent bonds between the polymer chains, forming a three-dimensional network structure.
