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- Vulcanization can be defined as a process which increases the retractile force and reduces the amount of permanent deformation remaining after removal of the deform- ing force. Thus vulcanization increases elasticity while it decreases plasticity. It is generally accomplished by the formation of a crosslinked molecular network (Fig. 1.).
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Vulcanization, chemical process by which the physical properties of natural or synthetic rubber are improved; finished rubber has higher tensile strength and resistance to swelling and abrasion, and is elastic over a greater range of temperatures. It was discovered in 1839 by Charles Goodyear.
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3 days ago · Osmosis is a fundamental biological process defined as the spontaneous movement of solvent molecules through a selectively permeable membrane. This movement occurs from a region of high water potential, characterized by lower solute concentration, to a region of low water potential, where solute concentration is higher.
Vulcanisation is a thermochemical process that includes a series of complicated chemical reactions involving rubber polymers, sulphur and auxiliary (supplementary) chemicals, which was pioneered by Charles Goodyear in 1839 ( Stevenson et al., 2008 ). Rubber that has been vulcanised is less flexible than rubber that has not been vulcanised.
a chemical process by which rubber is made stronger: The discovery of vulcanisation allowed the widespread industrial applications of rubber. The process of vulcanization makes rubber tyres more resilient and hardwearing. Fewer examples. The rubber goes through an initial phase of processing called vulcanisation.
- History
- How Vulcanization Works
- Effects of Vulcanization
- Uses of Vulcanized Rubber
- References
Many plants produce latex, including the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), bananas, milkweeds, and dandelions. Latex contains the polymerpolyisoprene, which is elastic and waterproof. Archeological studies show the Mesoamericans used rubber for balls and waterproofing textiles and containers. Charles Marie de La Condamine presented samples of Ameri...
Vulcanization hardens or cures rubber by cross-linking its polymer strands. In Goodyear’s process, heat supplies the energy to connect the carbon atoms in polyisoprene molecules by sulfur bridges. The number of sulfur atoms forming the chain between molecules influences the final properties of the vulcanized rubber. For example, short rubber crossl...
Vulcanization changes the chemical composition of rubber, so of course it alters the material’s chemical, physical, and mechanical properties. Here are some of the effects: 1. Shrinkage: Vulcanization shrinks rubber, as cross-linking draws the polymer chains closer together. 2. Irreversible: The effects of vulcanization are permanent and cannot be ...
Today, most rubber is vulcanized. Vulcanized rubber finds use in vehicle tires, shoe soles, erasers, toys, shoe soles, wet suits, hoses, and belts.
Akiba, M. (1997). “Vulcanization and crosslinking in elastomers”. Progress in Polymer Science. 22 (3): 475–521. doi:10.1016/S0079-6700(96)00015-9Engels, Hans-Wilhelm; et al. (2011) “Rubber, 9. Chemicals and Additives”. Ullman’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a23_365.pub3Hosler, D.; Burkett, S.L.; Tarkanian, M.J. (1999). “Prehistoric polymers: Rubber processing in ancient Mesoamerica”. Science. 284 (5422): 1988–1991. doi:10.1126/science.284.5422.1988Mark, James E.; Erman, Burak (eds.) (2005). Science and Technology of Tubber. ISBN 0-12-464786-3.1. the process of treating crude rubber with sulfur or its compounds and subjecting it to heat in order to make it nonplastic and increase its strength and elasticity. 2. a process somewhat like this, for hardening some substance.
verb (transitive) 1. to treat (rubber) with sulphur or sulphur compounds under heat and pressure to improve elasticity and strength or to produce a hard substance such as vulcanite. 2. to treat (substances other than rubber) by a similar process in order to improve their properties. Collins English Dictionary.
