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Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.
- Overview
- Gravitation
- Planetary motion
- Second law
- Third Law
- Orbits
This article is about Kepler's laws of planetary motion which describe the motions of planets in the solar system that were derived by German astronomer Johannes Kepler with later contributions from Sir Isaac Newton for his law of gravitation. It also mentions how these laws apply not only to gravitational but also other inverse-square-law forces.
The article is about the laws of gravitation.
Kepler’s three laws describe the motions of planets in the solar system, including elliptical orbits and angular momentum.
A radius vector joining any planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal lengths of time.
The squares of sidereal periods are directly proportional to cubes of mean distances from Sun.
Laws apply not only to gravitational but also to all other inverse-square-law forces and electromagnetic forces within atom if allowance made for relativistic and quantum effects.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Stated in modern language, Newton’s universal law of gravitation states that every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force along a line joining them. The force is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Newton proposed that gravity is a force of attraction between ALL objects that have mass. And the strength of the force is proportional to the product of the masses of the two objects and inversely proportional to the distance of separation between the object's centers.
Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with force directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The universal gravitation equation thus takes the form.
Sep 25, 2024 · In Newton’s equation F 12 is the magnitude of the gravitational force acting between masses M 1 and M 2 separated by distance r 12. The force equals the product of these masses and of G, a universal constant, divided by the square of the distance.
Apr 10, 2024 · Identify the two masses, one or both, for which you wish to find the gravitational force. Draw a free-body diagram, sketching the force acting on each mass and indicating the distance between their centers of mass. Apply Newton’s second law of motion to each mass to determine how it will move.
