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- Jerusalem, Israel. Jerusalem is a Middle Eastern city with immense historical, cultural, and religious significance for people of different faiths. It is the capital city of Israel and one of the oldest cities in the world, with a rich and complex history dating back over three millennia.
- Bethlehem, West Bank. Bethlehem is a small city located in the West Bank, just south of Jerusalem. It is one of the world’s most important religious and cultural sites.
- Nazareth, Israel. Nazareth is a city in the northern region of Israel, known for its rich biblical history and cultural significance. It is the largest city in the Galilee region, with over 75,000 people.
- Mount Sinai, Egypt. Mount Sinai is a mountain located in the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt, over 2,200 meters above sea level. It is considered one of the most important biblical sites in the world.
- JERICHO. The ancient city of Jericho was well known for its outstanding fortification. The wall was so thick a woman had her house built within its structure (Joshua 2:15).
- CANAAN. Like many early kingdoms, settlements or lands, Canaan was named after its founder. He was the son of Ham and grandson of Noah the ark builder. His firstborn was Sidon from where the Sidonians, who occupied the coastal areas of the Great Sea (the Mediterranean), descended.
- GOSHEN. Before the exodus, Joseph gave this land of ancient Egypt to his relatives. During Moses’ time the area was a sanctuary for the Israelites as God judged the kingdom that enslaved them.
- SINAI. The mountain from which God gave the Israelites his law is situated somewhere in this ancient wilderness. On several occasions Moses went up the heights to receive various instructions.
- The Merneptah Stele, Situating the Israelites in Biblical Archaeology. The Egyptians were not the best neighbors to have in the ancient Near East. Relations often turned unfriendly with their many rivals in the region.
- The Wilderness of Zin: Archaeology and Espionage. The Book of Exodus tells the story of the Israelites flight from Egypt and their search for the promised land.
- Carchemish: Caught Between Two Superpowers. The site of Carchemish is mentioned multiple times in the Bible and it plays an important role in the prophecies of Jeremiah.
- Bethlehem, the Messiah and the Matriarch. Bethlehem is one of the holiest cities in the Middle East for the Abrahamic faiths. Rachel, an ancient matriarch for the Jewish people, is buried here.
- Overview
- Tel Megiddo
- Qumran
- Tel Hazor
- Machaerus
- Old City of Jerusalem
- Tel Beersheba
- Mount Nebo
- Petra
- El-Araj
These tantalizing archaeological finds may—or may not—offer material evidence of ancient locations, characters and stories written about in the Bible.
Current Location: Israel
Megiddo is better known to some by its Greek name of Armageddon, which some Christians believe will be the site of the end-times battle prophesied in the Book of Revelation. Archaeologists have uncovered an astounding 26 layers of human occupation at this site, which is located about 30 km southeast of Haifa, Israel. A leading Canaanite city during the Bronze Age, it later became an important royal city in the Kingdom of Israel, according to the Hebrew Bible.
Current Location: Israel's West Bank
This ancient settlement, located on the northwest shores of the Dead Sea, gained international fame in the late 1940s, when Bedouin shepherds stumbled into nearby caves and discovered the first of the ancient Hebrew and Aramaic texts known as the Dead Sea Scrolls, which contain biblical text and other ancient writings. Subsequent excavations revealed the ruins of buildings and an extensive aqueduct system. Some scholars believe Qumran was home to the Essenes, an isolationist Jewish sect often credited with authorship of the Dead Sea Scrolls.
Current Location: Israel (Galilee)
At some 200 acres, this site in Upper Galilee (now a national park) is the largest of Israel’s “tels,” the artificial mounds that have formed over centuries of human settlement, as older buildings crumble and new ones are built. According to the Old Testament, Hazor was the site of one of Joshua’s key victories in his conquest of Canaan after Moses’ death; he supposedly burned the city to the ground, clearing the way for Israelite settlement. Excavations are ongoing, and though some evidence of burned materials and structures have surfaced, archaeologists are still debating whether the biblical battle actually took place.
Current Location: Jordan
This ancient desert fortress, located just over 30 km to the southwest of Madaba, Jordan, sits atop a hill overlooking the Dead Sea. After its destruction by Roman troops, King Herod the Great rebuilt Machaerus and used it as a military base. The Bible (and Jewish historian Flavius Josephus) identified the palace-fortress as the site where John the Baptist was imprisoned and executed on the orders of Herod the Great’s son Herod Antipas.
Current Location: Israel (also claimed by Palestine)
According to Jewish tradition, the Temple Mount (which now lies within a walled compound inside the Old City) was where God gathered the dust to create the first human, Adam, and where King David’s son, Solomon, built the first temple circa 1000 B.C. (later torn down by the Babylonians). Muslims also worship at the site, now home to the Dome of the Rock, an Islamic shrine, and the al-Aqsa Mosque. These competing claims have led this to become one of the most contested spots in the world. The Old City contains other key religious sites, including the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the site of Jesus’ crucifixion and his (empty) tomb, and the Western Wall, a remnant of the Second Temple (built by King Herod in the first century B.C.) that is the holiest site Jews can go to pray.
Current Location: Israel (Negev desert)
Located in the Negev desert in southern Israel, this site is thought to be the remains of the biblical town of Beersheba; it lies a few miles east of the modern city by that name. According to the Old Testament, the Hebrew patriarch Abraham negotiated a deal with the Philistine king Abimelech over a well here, and planted a tamarisk tree. The site’s well-preserved water system of cisterns dates to the Iron Age.
Current Location: Jordan
According to the Old Testament, Moses lived his final days here, and climbed to the top to look out over the Promised Land before he died. Some believe Mount Nebo was also where the Hebrew prophet and leader was buried. A pilgrimage site since the fourth century, it was home to a church built around that time, the ruins of which were discovered in the 1930s. Mosaics created in the sixth century by Byzantine-era monks are still on view, as well as stunning views of the Holy Land and the Jordan River valley from its peak.
Current Location: Jordan
This ancient city, carved into the red rock cliffs of Jebel al-Madhbah, near the Dead Sea in southern Jordan, was known as “Sela” in the Bible. Scholars believe Petra was likely built circa 312 B.C. by the Nabateans, a mysterious ancient Arabian society that founded an independent kingdom with its capital here. The world-famous ruins still yield new discoveries, such as the massive, mysterious structure found near its center in 2016, which scientists spotted using Google Earth, satellite imagery and drones.
Current Location: Israel (Galilee)
Recent excavations of Roman-era ruins at this site located at the delta of the River Jordan, on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee, suggest it may be the ancient Jewish fishing village of Bethsaida, later the Roman city of Julias. Frequently mentioned in the Gospels as the birthplace of three of Jesus’ apostles—Peter, Andrew and Philip—the village also saw Jesus himself perform several memorable miracles. Though another group of scholars claims et-Tell, on the Jordan River's east bank, is actually Bethsaida, archaeologists at el-Araj argue that the site’s location makes it the strongest candidate for the biblical fishing village.
- Sarah Pruitt
Sep 3, 2024 · In “Archaeology Confirms 50 Real People in the Bible” in the March/April 2014 issue of Biblical Archaeology Review, Purdue University scholar Lawrence Mykytiuk lists 50 figures from the Hebrew Bible who have been confirmed archaeologically.
Biblical archaeology sites are historical and/or archaeological sites related to the Bible found throughout the lands of the Bible.
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Jan 12, 2019 · Many of these finds relate directly to the Bible; others shed light on different periods in biblical history. While no discovery in archaeology can “prove the Bible is true,” hundreds of finds over the past 150 years have continuously demonstrated the historical reliability of Scripture.
