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STATISTICAL KNOWEDGE QUESTIONS. These questions ask you to judge which statistical test is appropriate in which situations. They don’t ask you to carry out the test. Here’s one from the SAMs (Standardised Assessment Materials) on the Edexcel website.
Probability refers to the likelihood of an event occurring. It can be expressed as a number (0.5) or a percentage (50%). Statistical tests allow psychologists to work out the probability that their results could have occurred by chance, and in general psychologists use a probability level of 0.05.
Oct 5, 2023 · Sample size in psychological research influences the likelihood of Type I and Type II errors. A larger sample size reduces the chances of Type I errors, which means researchers are less likely to mistakenly find a significant effect when there isn’t one.
We can first compute the prior odds – that is, the odds before we knew that the person had tested positively. An odds ratio is an example of what we will later call an effect size, which is a way of quantifying how relatively large any particular statistical effect is.
Learn statistics and probability for free, in simple and easy steps starting from basic to advanced concepts. The field of statistics is concerned with collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data.
- A p-value less than 0.05 (typically ≤ 0.05) is statistically significant. It indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis, as there is les...
- A z-score describes the position of a raw score in terms of its distance from the mean when measured in standard deviation units. It is also known...
- The independent variable is the variable the experimenter manipulates or changes and is assumed to have a direct effect on the dependent variable....
- Quantitative data is numerical information about quantities and qualitative data is descriptive and regards phenomena that can be observed but not...
Mar 8, 2021 · In general, psychologists use a probability (‘p’) ≤ 0.05, which means that there is less than or equal to a 5% probability the results did occur by chance. In other words, p ≤ 0.05 means there is at least a 5% probability that the results occurred even if there was no real effect present.
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Oct 13, 2023 · A p-value, or probability value, is a number describing how likely it is that your data would have occurred by random chance (i.e., that the null hypothesis is true). The level of statistical significance is often expressed as a p-value between 0 and 1.
