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What is protein synthesis?
What is the first step of protein synthesis?
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What is the second step in protein synthesis?
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Where does protein synthesis occur in prokaryotes?
Jul 18, 2020 · Protein synthesis is process in which polypeptide chains are formed from coded combinations of single amino acids inside the cell. The synthesis of new polypeptides requires a coded sequence, enzymes, and messenger, ribosomal, and transfer ribonucleic acids (RNAs).
The mRNA specifies, in triplet code, the amino acid sequence of proteins; the code is then read by transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules in a cell structure called the ribosome.
Relate protein synthesis and its two major phases to the central dogma of molecular biology. Identify the steps of transcription, and summarize what happens during each step. Explain how mRNA is processed before it leaves the nucleus.
For example, the DNA triplet CAC (cytosine, adenine, and cytosine) specifies the amino acid valine. Therefore, a gene, which is composed of multiple triplets in a unique sequence, provides the code to build an entire protein, with multiple amino acids in the proper sequence (Figure 3.4.1).
- Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Mat...
- 2019
Aug 25, 2023 · Protein synthesis is the creation of proteins. In biological systems, it is carried out inside the cell. In prokaryotes, it occurs in the cytoplasm. In eukaryotes, it initially occurs in the nucleus to create a transcript (mRNA) of the coding region of the DNA.
May 13, 2022 · The transcript is decoded into a protein with the help of a ribosome and tRNA molecules. Commonly, an mRNA transcription will be translated simultaneously by several adjacent ribosomes. This increases the efficiency of protein synthesis.
Jul 30, 2022 · Protein synthesis begins with genes. A gene is a functional segment of DNA that provides the genetic information necessary to build a protein. Each particular gene provides the code necessary to construct a particular protein.