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G1 phase
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- DNA replication begins with the assembly of pre-replication complexes (pre-RCs) at thousands of DNA replication origins during the G1 phase of the cell cycle. At the G1–S-phase transition, pre-RCs are converted into pre-initiation complexes, in which the replicative helicase is activated, leading to DNA unwinding and initiation of DNA synthesis.
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Unwinding of DNA at the origin and synthesis of new strands, accommodated by an enzyme known as helicase, results in replication forks growing bi-directionally from the origin. A number of proteins are associated with the replication fork to help in the initiation and continuation of DNA synthesis.
Apr 8, 2024 · DNA replication can be thought of in three stages: initiation, elongation and termination. Initiation. DNA synthesis is initiated at particular points within the DNA strand known as ‘ origins ’, which have specific coding regions.
We have seen how a set of replication proteins rapidly and accurately generates two daughter DNA double helices behind a moving replication fork. But how is this replication machinery assembled in the first place, and how are replication forks created on a double-stranded DNA molecule?
- Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
- 2002
- 2002
The initiation of DNA replication occurs in two steps. First, a so-called initiator protein unwinds a short stretch of the DNA double helix. Then, a protein known as helicase attaches...
Mar 17, 2022 · The replication of DNA occurs during the synthesis phase, or S phase, of the cell cycle, before the cell enters mitosis or meiosis. The elucidation of the structure of the double helix provided a hint as to how DNA is copied.
Oct 31, 2023 · Initiation. Eukaryotic DNA is bound to proteins known as histones to form structures called nucleosomes. During initiation, the DNA is made accessible to the proteins and enzymes involved in the replication process. There are specific chromosomal locations called origins of replication where replication begins.
During initiation, so-called initiator proteins bind to the replication origin, a base-pair sequence of nucleotides known as oriC. This binding triggers events that unwind the DNA double helix ...
