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Throughout Indonesian history, the title of First Lady (Indonesian: Ibu Negara, lit. ' Mother of the State ') or, in an instance, First Gentleman (Indonesian: Bapak Negara, lit. ' Father of the State ') has been used to refer to the wife or husband of the president of Indonesia.
Oct 17, 2024 · A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (born October 15, 1931, Rameswaram, India—died July 27, 2015, Shillong) was an Indian scientist and politician who played a leading role in the development of India’s missile and nuclear weapons programs. He was president of India from 2002 to 2007.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam served as president of the Republic of India from 2002 to 2007. As president, Kalam promoted the advancement of the national nuc...
- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam attended the Madras Institute of Technology, where he received a degree in aeronautical engineering in 1960. After graduation he...
- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam created the Technology Vision 2020 project in 1998. The project sought to develop India’s economy through technology, particular...
- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam won many awards, both from the Indian government and from the international community. His most notable awards were the Padma Vi...
Early life and education. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931, to a Tamil Muslim family in the pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram on Pamban Island, then in the Madras Presidency and now in the State of Tamil Nadu.
Raja Ali Haji bin Raja Haji Ahmad (1808/9–1869/75) was a 19th-century Bugis-Malay historian, poet and scholar who wrote Tuhfal al-Nafis. [1][2] He was elevated to the status of National Hero of Indonesia in 2004. Haji has been described as one of the most important Malay writers of the 19th century.
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (Tamil: அவுல் பகீர் ஜைனுலாப்தீன் அப்துல் கலாம்; pronunciation (help · info); 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) usually known as A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, was a famous Indian aerospace engineer.
Mar 16, 2020 · 1. APJ Kalam was born on October 15, 1931, into a poor family. His father had only one boat to support his family. 2. Kalam was a hardworking boy right from the beginning. At the tender age of five, he started selling newspapers to help his father support the family. He did this job in the evenings after school.
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Aug 6, 2023 · Sunday, 06 Aug 2023. Dedicated: First Lady Iriana Widodo (centre) waves with Mufidah Jusuf Kalla (right), wife of previous vice-president Jusuf Kalla, and Wuri Estu Handayani, wife of Vice President Ma’ruf Amin, prior to the presidential inauguration at the House of Representatives building in Jakarta on Oct 20, 2019. — Filepic/AFP.
