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A hüllőszerűek (Sauropsida) a gerinchúrosok (Chordata) törzsébe tartozó négylábúak (Tetrapoda) főosztályának egy nagy csoportja. Az emlősszerűekkel (Synapsida) együtt alkotják a magzatburkosok (Amniota) kládját. A hüllőszerűek monofiletikus csoportot, tehát kládot alkotnak.
Sauropoda (/ sɔːˈrɒpədə /), whose members are known as sauropods (/ ˈsɔːrəpɒdz /; [1][2] from sauro- + -pod, ' lizard -footed'), is a clade of saurischian ('lizard-hipped') dinosaurs. Sauropods had very long necks, long tails, small heads (relative to the rest of their body), and four thick, pillar-like legs.
Sauropsida (Greek for "lizard faces") is a clade of amniotes, broadly equivalent to the class Reptilia, though typically used in a broader sense to also include extinct stem-group relatives of modern reptiles and birds (which, as theropod dinosaurs, are nested within reptiles as more closely related to crocodilians than to lizards or turtles). [2]
- Reptilia Or Sauropsida?
- So We Punt!
- Sauropsida
- Eureptilia
- Basal Eureptilia
- Diapsida
- Neoreptilia
- Parareptilia
- Sauria
Systematists were overconfident in the permanence of the phylogenetic hypotheses they developedAnd did not feel obliged to respect rules of priorityFor now and until a proper definition appears, the sister taxon of Synapsida will be referred to as Sauropsida, a name that is at leastfree of cultural association with traditional definitions of "reptiles."
We begin in the shadows. Recumbrostran "microsaurs" like Rhynchonkoswere covered in a previous lecture, along with concerns indicated in recent redescriptions that they are actually sauropsid amniotes. Evidence includes: 1. The presence of an unambiguous supraoccipital element in the braincase. (Ambiguous at best in other non-amniotes.) 2. Detailed...
Euraptilian synapomorphies include: 1. Suborbital opening (foramen (right) or fenestra) in palate beneath orbits. Compare with synapsids. 2. Single coronoid in jaw. (Linkto image.) 3. Tabularsreduced or absent 1. Color vision. 2. Dry aglandular skin with a new kind of scale made of keratin-B (mechanically similar to the keratin-A of your hair and f...
Includes Hylonomus lyelli, a Joggins tree-stump victim and the earliest well-known fossil amniote. Diversity:Neoreptilia comprises the majority of Eureptilia, but we should note some stem-neoreptilians. 1. Captorhinidae: (Late Carboniferous - Late Permian) Eureptiles characterized by adaptations to a strong, slow bite with trends toward rounded cru...
(Early Permian - recent) The last common ancestor of Parareptilia and Sauria and all of its descendants. Depending on where you place turtles, this couldalso be the diapsid crown-group. Synapomorphies: 1. Lacrimal excluded from margin of naris 2. Caniniform teeth (synapomorphy of Amniota) are lost
(Early Permian - Late Triassic) This group has historically included reptilian-grade organisms closer to Eureptilia that did not have living members. The arrival of phylogenetic systematics allowed it to be phylogenetically defined as monophyletic, however its precise membership has been fuzzy because of uncertainties about the position of turtles....
Here, for once, in a pleasing cladogram is the arrangement of Gauthier, 1984, in which two crown-groups were recognized in Sauria: 1. Archosauria: The most recent common ancestor of crocodylians and birds and all descendants. 2. Lepidosauria: The most recent common ancestor of squamates and Sphenodonand all descendants. 1. Archosauromorpha: All org...
Sauria is the clade of diapsids containing the most recent common ancestor of Archosauria (which includes crocodilians and birds) and Lepidosauria (which includes squamates and the tuatara), and all its descendants. [1]
Sauropsida ("lizard faces") is a group of amniotes that includes all existing birds and reptiles as well as their fossil ancestors and other extinct relatives. Large land animals are either in this group or in its sister group, Synapsida, which includes mammals and their fossil relatives.
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Sauropoda is a clade of dinosaurs that consists of roughly 300 species of large, long-necked herbivores and includes the largest terrestrial animals ever to exist. The first sauropod species were named in 1842 by Richard Owen, though at the time, he regarded them as unusual crocodilians.
