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Human Anatomy and Physiology Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free.
Preview. Terms in this set (850) Anatomy. the study of the structure of the body. Physiology. the study of the function of the body. Chemical level. represents the atoms and molecules that make up cells (Consists of Atomic level and molecular level) Cellular level.
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- Introduction
- Anatomical Position
- Regional and Directional Terms
- Anatomical Planes
- Key Points
- References
The location of body parts and associated pathology can be difficult to describe without specific anatomical terminology. The universal descriptions allow for a standardised reference point for referring to structures, which provides precision and reduces room for medical error or ambiguity.1,2 This article will cover the anatomical position and de...
Theanatomical positionis the starting point for any description of the human body. The anatomical position is facing forwards, with mouth closed and facial expression neutral.1, 3 Eyes focused on the distance. Arms should be straight and by the sides with palms facing forward. The penis is erect. Legs arestraight withfeet flat on the ground and toe...
Anatomical terms can be grouped into regional anddirectionalterms. Regional terms refer to precise regions of the human body.2For example, ‘arm’ and ‘forearm’ are more specific terms than ‘upper limb’. Similarly, ‘thigh’ and ‘leg’ are more specific terms than ‘lower limb’, as well as ‘sacrum’ and ‘lumbar’ are more specific than ‘lower back’. Direct...
There are three commonly used anatomical planes: coronal (frontal), transverse, and sagittal. To describe normal or pathological structures imaged within these planes, it is important to utilise anatomical terminology correctly.
Anatomical terminology is a universal method of describing parts of the human body accuratelyand helps avoid medical errorsThe anatomical positionis the starting point for any anatomical descriptionWhen reviewing imaging, it is important to understand both the anatomical terms as well as anatomical planesto be able to describe any relevant pathologyAccurately describing lesions and injuriescan help improve efficiency and co-ordination between medical teamsMitchell, A. Wayne Vogl, Richard Drake, A.Gray’s Anatomy for Students. 2020. Available from: ClinicalKey Student, (4th Edition), Elsevier Health Sciences (US).OpenStax. Anatomy and Physiology. 2017. Available from: [LINK]Stephens, Samuel Hall, J. Crash Course Anatomy and Physiology. 2019. Available from: ClinicalKey Student, (5th Edition). Elsevier Health Sciences (US).Connexions. The anatomical position. Licence: [CC BY 3.0]- Scrotum. The testes are located in a skin-covered, highly pigmented, muscular sack called the scrotum that extends from the body behind the penis (see Figure 27.2).
- Testes. The testes (singular = testis) are the male gonads—that is, the male reproductive organs. They produce both sperm and androgens, such as testosterone, and are active throughout the reproductive lifespan.
- Structure of Formed Sperm. Sperm are smaller than most cells in the body; in fact, the volume of a sperm cell is 85,000 times less than that of the female gamete.
- Sperm Transport. To fertilize an egg without medical intervention, sperm must be moved from the seminiferous tubules in the testes, through the epididymis, and—later during ejaculation—along the length of the penis and out into the female reproductive tract.
Use appropriate anatomical terminology to identify key body structures, body regions, and directions in the body. Demonstrate the anatomical position. Describe the human body using directional and regional terms. Identify three planes most commonly used in the study of anatomy. Distinguish between major body cavities.
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Learning Objectives. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Demonstrate the anatomical position. Describe the human body using directional and regional terms. Identify three planes most commonly used in the study of anatomy.
