Search results
As light falls on the retina, it first activates receptor cells known as rods and cones. The activation of these cells then spreads to the bipolar cells and then to the ganglion cells, which gather together and converge, like the strands of a rope, forming the optic nerve.
- Phineas Gage’s Accident
- What Happened After The Accident?
- How Did Phineas Gage’s Personality Change?
- Damage to The Brain
- The Influence of Phineas Gage
- References
Phineas Gage was an American railroad construction foreman born in 1823. On September 13th, 1848, when Gage was 25 years old, he was working in Cavendish in Vermont, leading a crew which were preparing the Rutland and Burlington Railroad by blasting rocks to make a roadbed. This was done by using an iron tamping rod to pack the explosive powder int...
Dr. John Martyn Harlow took over the case of Gage soon after. Harlow (1848) reported that Gage was fully conscious and recognized Harlow at once but was tired from the bleeding. In the next couple of days, Harlow observed that Gage spoke with some difficulty but could name his friends and the bleeding ceased. Gage then spent September 23rd to Octob...
From Harlow’s written account, Gage was considered to be fully recovered and felt fit enough to reapply for his previous role as a foreman. However, his contractors, who had regarded Gage as ‘efficient and capable’ before the accident, could no longer offer him work due to considerable changes in Gage’s personality. Marlow (1868) described him as f...
When Gage died in 1861, no autopsies were performed until his skull was later recovered by Harlow years later. The brain damage which caused the significant personality changes were presumed to have involve the left frontal region of the brain. It was not until 1994 that complex computer-based methods to examine the brain damage could be used to in...
Gage’s case is important in the field of neuroscience. The reported changes in his behavior post-accident is strong evidence for the localisation of brain function, meaning that specific areas of the brain are associated with certain functions. Neuroscientists have a better understanding today of the function of the frontal cortex. They understand ...
Damasio, H., Grabowski, T., Frank, R., Galaburda, A. M., & Damasio, A. R. (1994). The return of Phineas Gage: clues about the brain from the skull of a famous patient. Science, 264(5162), 1102-1105. Harlow J. M. (1848). Passage of an iron rod through the head. Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 39, 389–393. Harlow, J. M. (1868). Recovery from the...
Jan 17, 2024 · Phineas Gage suffered a terrible accident that made him one of the most famous cases of traumatic brain injury. Learn Gage's story and its impact on psychology.
Rods are specialized photoreceptors that work well in low light conditions, and while they lack the spatial resolution and color function of the cones, they are involved in our vision in dimly lit environments as well as in our perception of movement on the periphery of our visual field.
Learning Objectives. Describe the processes of acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery, generalization, and discrimination. Now that you know how classical conditioning works and have seen several examples, let’s take a look at some of the general processes involved.
Rods are responsible for providing us with vision in dim light. They contain a pigment called rhodopsin, which undergoes a chemical change when exposed to light, initiating the signal transmission to the brain.
People also ask
Why are rods important?
What are rods & how do they work?
What is the function of rods in the eye?
What role do rods play in night vision & peripheral vision?
Why do rods have a pigment called rhodopsin?
What happens if rods don't transform light into nerve impulses?
Nov 21, 2023 · Classical conditioning, sometimes called Pavlovian or respondent conditioning, is a form of associative learning that modifies behavior. It does this by creating associations between two stimuli...
