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Book 1: Summary: The Iliad begins with the Trojan War already in progress. Greek audiences would have been familiar with the background of the story, and here a brief summary of events is necessary to help the reader to put these events in context.
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Book 17: Summary: Menelaus sees the death of Patroclus, and...
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- Books 17-20
After twelve days, Zeus returns to Olympus. Thetis goes to see him and kneels before him, asking him to honor her son by granting the Trojans victory while Achilles remains out of the battle. Zeus is angered, and says that helping the Trojans would force him into a fight with his wife Hera , who supports the Achaeans.
Summary. The poet invokes a muse to aid him in telling the story of the rage of Achilles, the greatest Greek hero to fight in the Trojan War. The narrative begins nine years after the start of the war, as the Achaeans sack a Trojan-allied town and capture two beautiful maidens, Chryseis and Briseis.
Summary. Chronicling the deeds of great heroes from the past who helped form a society, the Iliad is an epic poem. As such the epic stands as a bridge between history and literature.
Summary. Analysis. Homer begins by asking the Muse, the goddess of poetry and music, to sing to him about Odysseus and his travels. Odysseus and his crew have seen many strange lands and have suffered many trials. Their careless behavior has sometimes angered the gods, who have prevented their safe return to Ithaca.
In Book 1 of the Iliad he reminds his mother, Hera, how he was once thrown from Olympus by Zeus, to persuade her to avoid open conflict with Zeus. His position reveals him to be aware of his relative weaknesses as well as astute in his judgement.
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The book begins with a recapitulation of the conversation between Athena and Zeus in Book 1, about why it is important that Odysseus be allowed to go home, and how this should happen. Whom does Athena suggest that Zeus send with a message to Calypso?
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