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May 1, 2014 · Exposures are variables that we wish to evaluate for their potential relation with adverse health outcomes or variables that denote groups at particularly higher risk for adverse health. For example, we consider biological sex an exposure that may be associated with adverse health outcomes.
The principal justification of medical exposures is to do more good than harm to the patient. Medical exposures are unavoidable since ionising radiation is used in many procedures to diagnose or treat patients, providing benefits usually larger than the risk associated.
Jul 19, 2023 · Mediation analysis is a method that quantifies how health exposures, such as medical interventions, change patient outcomes. Evidence that is generated from mediation analyses is important for intervention development and clinical and policy decision making.
When possible, an operational definition of exposure that has evidence of validity with estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value should be used.
- Todd A Lee, A Simon Pickard
- 2013/01
- 2013
Basic epidemiology starts with a definition of epidemiology, introduces the his-tory of modern epidemiology, and provides examples of the uses and applications of epidemiology. Measurement of exposure and disease are covered in Chapter 2 and a summary of the different types of study designs and their strengths and limitations is provided in ...
This chapter covers the initial steps in exposure measurement that should occur during the planning of an epidemiologic study of the relationship between an exposure (risk factor) and a disease (or other outcome).
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Nov 20, 2017 · Throughout this paper we focus on explicit missing data, characterized by missing values for the exposure, outcome, or covariates in an analytical data set.
