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The MDN Web Docs site provides information about Open Web technologies including HTML, CSS, and APIs for both Web sites and progressive web apps.
- Overview
- Try it
- Value
- Additional attributes
- Using email inputs
- Validation
- Examples
elements of type email are used to let the user enter and edit an email address, or, if the multiple attribute is specified, a list of email addresses.
The input value is automatically validated to ensure that it's either empty or a properly-formatted email address (or list of addresses) before the form can be submitted. The :valid and :invalid CSS pseudo-classes are automatically applied as appropriate to visually denote whether the current value of the field is a valid email address or not.
The element's value attribute contains a string which is automatically validated as conforming to email syntax. More specifically, there are three possible value formats that will pass validation:
1.An empty string ("") indicating that the user did not enter a value or that the value was removed.
2.A single properly-formed email address. This doesn't necessarily mean the email address exists, but it is at least formatted correctly. In simple terms, this means username@domain or username@domain.tld. There's more to it than that, of course; see Validation for a regular expression that matches the email address validation algorithm.
3.If and only if the multiple attribute is specified, the value can be a list of properly-formed comma-separated email addresses. Any trailing and leading whitespace is removed from each address in the list.
list
The values of the list attribute is the id of a element located in the same document. The provides a list of predefined values to suggest to the user for this input. Any values in the list that are not compatible with the type are not included in the suggested options. The values provided are suggestions, not requirements: users can select from this predefined list or provide a different value.
maxlength
The maximum string length (measured in UTF-16 code units) that the user can enter into the email input. This must be an integer value of 0 or higher. If no maxlength is specified, or an invalid value is specified, the email input has no maximum length. This value must also be greater than or equal to the value of minlength. The input will fail constraint validation if the length of the text value of the field is greater than maxlength UTF-16 code units long. Constraint validation is only applied when the value is changed by the user.
minlength
The minimum string length (measured in UTF-16 code units) that the user can enter into the email input. This must be a non-negative integer value smaller than or equal to the value specified by maxlength. If no minlength is specified, or an invalid value is specified, the email input has no minimum length. The input will fail constraint validation if the length of the text entered into the field is fewer than minlength UTF-16 code units long. Constraint validation is only applied when the value is changed by the user.
Email addresses are among the most frequently-inputted textual data forms on the web; they're used when logging into websites, when requesting information, to allow order confirmation, for webmail, and so forth. As such, the email input type can make your job as a web developer much easier since it can help simplify your work when building the user interface and logic for email addresses. When you create an email input with the proper type value, email, you get automatic validation that the entered text is at least in the correct form to potentially be a legitimate email address. This can help avoid cases in which the user mistypes their address, or provides an invalid address.
It's important, however, to note that this is not enough to ensure that the specified text is an email address which actually exists, corresponds to the user of the site, or is acceptable in any other way. It ensures that the value of the field is properly formatted to be an email address.
There are two levels of content validation available for email inputs. First, there's the standard level of validation offered to all s, which automatically ensures that the contents meet the requirements to be a valid email address. But there's also the option to add additional filtering to ensure that your own specialized needs are met, if...
Here we have an email input with the ID emailAddress which is allowed to be up to a maximum of 256 characters long. The input box itself is physically 64 characters wide, and displays the text user@example.gov as a placeholder anytime the field is empty. In addition, by using the multiple attribute, the box is configured to allow the user to enter zero or more email addresses, separated by commas, as described in Allowing multiple email addresses. As a final touch, the list attribute contains the ID of a whose s specify a set of suggested values the user can choose from.
As an added touch, the element is used to establish a label for the email entry box, with its for attribute referencing the emailAddress ID of the element. By associating the two elements in this way, clicking on the label will focus the input element.
- HTMLInputElement
- list and value
- change and input
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