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The female butterfly goes from plant to plant, laying a single egg at a time on top of a leaf, which it holds onto with its legs, and flies off as soon as the egg is laid. The egg is round, light yellowish in colour, flattened at the base, smooth-surfaced, and about 1.5 mm in height.
- Orange-tip (pictured above) Description: Greenish-white when first laid, but turn bright orange in a few days. Where: Eggs are laid beneath the calyx or on a stalk of cuckooflower, garlic mustard.
- Large white. Description: The yellow skittle-shaped eggs are laid directly on the food plant (rather than on top of other eggs) in batches of 40 to 100 eggs, resulting in an organised egg mass.
- Brimstone. Description: Although several eggs may be found together, this is either the result of different females, or the same female revisiting the same spot.
- Speckled wood. Description: The spherical eggs are very light green in colour are laid singly, sometimes in pairs, on the underside of a leaf of the foodplant.
- Introduction
- Distribution
- Description
- Life Cycle
- Hosts
- Economic Importance
- Management
- Selected References
The lime swallowtail, Papilio demoleusLinnaeus, is sometimes called the chequered or citrus swallowtail. This butterfly ranges widely and is an extremely successful invader. Its proliferation appears to be aided by agricultural land use and urbanization that create new, suitable open habitat and enhanced availability of resources. Papilio demoleusi...
This species is found throughout tropical and subtropical regions of southern Asia, ranging from Saudi Arabia, Iran and the Middle East to India, Nepal, southern China, Taiwan, and Japan. It is also found in Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, and Australia. In recent years, Papilio demoleushas been recorded in the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and...
Adults:The adults range in wingspan from 80-100 mm. The hindwing has no tail. The upper portion of the forewing is largely black and the outer wing margin has a series of irregular yellow spots. Two yellow spots are present at the upper end of the discal cell with several scattered yellow spots in the apical region. The upper hindwing has a red tor...
This species typically has five instars and is capable of producing multiple generations per year depending on temperature constraints. Near the equator as many as nine generations may be seen. The average length of a generation varies from 26 to 59 days. In colder climates, pupae may overwinter.
Outside of Australia and New Guinea, Papilio demoleus feeds on plants in the Rutaceae family. It is known to feed on virtually all species and varieties of native or introduced citrus (including cultivated Citrus species), Glycosmis pentaphylla (Jamaica mandarin orange), Ruta graveolens (common rue), Aegle marmelos (golden apple), Murraya koenigii ...
The New World arrival of this vagile lepidopteran pest is a potential threat to the citrus industries in the region. The larvae are a serious pest of citrus nursery stock (trees 1-2 ft. in height) and other young citrus trees in Asia and the Middle East, where they are capable of defoliating entire nursery groves. Larvae may utilize young leaf flus...
Biological control. Three parasitoids are known to parasitize Papilio demoleus larvae in India. They are Apanteles (=Ooencyrtus) papilionis, Apanteles sp. and Bracon hebetor(Hymenoptera: Braconidae). In Thailand, two kinds of egg parasites were found: Ooencyrtus malayensis Ferriere (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Tetrastichus sp. (Hymenoptera: Euloph...
Braby MF. 2000. Butterflies of Australia: Their identification, biology and distribution. Volume 1. CSIRO Publishing.Common IFB, Waterhouse DF. 1972. Butterflies of Australia. Angus and Robertson Publishers.Common IFB, Waterhouse DF. 1982. Butterflies of Australia. Angus and Robertson Publishers.Eastwood R, Boyce SL, Farrell BD. 2006. The provenance of Old World swallowtail butterflies, Papilio demoleus(Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), recently discovered in the New World. Annals of the Entomol...Aug 16, 2021 · Now in a comprehensively revised and updated new edition, Britain’s Spiders is a guide to all 38 British families, focussing on spiders that can be identified in the field. Illustrated with photographs, it is designed to be accessible to a wide audience, including those new to spider identification.
Jul 11, 2023 · Egg: The journey begins when the female lime butterfly lays down her host plant-specific spherical yellow to green eggs, typically numbering up to 100, on the leaves of preferred citrus plants such as Murraya koenigii and Citrus x aurantiifolia. Single eggs are laid in multiple places to increase survival chances of the offspring.
Oct 9, 2023 · Identify minibeasts. Explore woodland creepy crawlies, from bugs and beetles to snails and spiders, with a pocket-sized swatch book. The 7-spot ladybird (Coccinella septempunctata) is one of 47 species of ladybird in the UK, and one of the most common.
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Oct 18, 2018 · The female Lime Butterfly lays a single egg on many leaves. The egg hatches into a caterpillar after 3-6 days. The caterpillar eats leaves and after 12-22 days it undergoes metamorphosis (changes) into a pupa, which is a casing called a chrysalis.
