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  1. Jul 29, 2023 · The Expanding Universe. Every model of the universe must include the expansion we observe. Another key element of the models is that the cosmological principle (which we discussed in The Evolution and Distribution of Galaxies) is valid: on the large scale, the universe at any given time is the same everywhere (homogeneous and isotropic). As a ...

  2. The Expanding Universe. Every model of the universe must include the expansion we observe. Another key element of the models is that the cosmological principle (which we discussed in The Evolution and Distribution of Galaxies) is valid: on the large scale, the universe at any given time is the same everywhere (homogeneous and isotropic). As a ...

    • The Expanding Universe
    • Models of The Expansion
    • The Cosmic Tug of War
    • Ages of Distant Galaxies

    Every model of the universe must include the expansion we observe. Another key element of the models is that the cosmological principle (which we discussed in The Evolution and Distribution of Galaxies) is valid: on the large scale, the universe at any given time is the same everywhere (homogeneous and isotropic). As a result, the expansion rate mu...

    Before astronomers knew about dark energy or had a good measurement of how much matter exists in the universe, they made speculative models about how the universe might evolve over time. The four possible scenarios are shown in Figure 2. In this diagram, time moves forward from the bottom upward, and the scale of space increases by the horizontal c...

    We might summarize our discussion so far by saying that a “tug of war” is going on in the universe between the forces that push everything apart and the gravitational attraction of matter, which pulls everything together. If we can determine who will win this tug of war, we will learn the ultimate fate of the universe. The first thing we need to kn...

    In the chapter on Galaxies, we discussed how we can use Hubble’s lawto measure the distance to a galaxy. But that simple method only works with galaxies that are not too far away. Once we get to large distances, we are looking so far into the past that we must take into account changes in the rate of the expansion of the universe. Since we cannot m...

  3. Feb 29, 1996 · Abstract. This book presents a philosophical theory of the nature of the universe based on a new model of its space-time structure. The book shows how his model illuminates a broad range of subjects, including causation, probability, quantum mechanics, identity, and free will, and argues that the fact that the model throws light on such a large number of problems constitutes strong evidence ...

    • Storrs Mccall
  4. Specific Models of the Universe. If we pick a particular one of our models, with a particular set of underlying rules and initial conditions, we might think we could just run it to find out everything about the universe it generates. But any model that is plausibly similar to our universe will inevitably show computational irreducibility.

  5. Jun 7, 2024 · 3.2.3Kepler's third law. Galileo. Galileo and Venus. Galileo and Jupiter's Moons. Newton's universal law of gravitation. The discovery of Neptune. Problems encountered with Newton's theory. A-level Physics/Cosmology/Models of the known universe. Add languages.

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  7. Jul 29, 2021 · A cyclic model of the universe is designed to solve some of the seemingly unsolvable problems of the Big Bang and inflation models. “It allows us to go beyond the Big Bang, but without any kind of magical philosophical issues,” says Stephon Alexander, a professor of physics at Brown University, and the co-inventor of an inflation model of the universe based on string theory.

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