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- In 1790, he published The Metamorphosis of Plants, a work that explored his theory of plant morphology. Goethe proposed that all plant forms are variations of a single archetype, an idea that anticipated later developments in evolutionary biology.
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During his exceptionally long life (1749-1832) Goethe formed many friendships. Not all were lasting, and some are puzzling. One that seems incongruous is his friendship, over some ten years, with the Zurich clergyman Johann Kaspar Lavater (1741-1801).
Goethe [ edit ] From 1774 on, Goethe was intimately acquainted with Lavater, but later had a falling out with him, accusing him of superstition and hypocrisy.
Johann Caspar Goethe (29 July 1710 – 25 May 1782) was a wealthy German jurist and royal councillor to the Kaiser of the Holy Roman Empire. His son, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, is considered one of the greatest German poets and authors of all time.
The family wealth enabled Goethe’s father, Johann Caspar Goethe, to study law and aspire to a career in the politics of the Holy Roman Empire, a path Goethe was destined to follow.
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- Introduction
- Silhouette and Papercut
- Ancient and Neoclassical Antecedents
- Goethe’s Ambivalences
- Conclusion
- Works Cited and Further Reading
The Grimms’Wörterbuch offers two main definitions of Schattenrisz. The first one, which Werther’s creation of a silhouette of Lotte after three failed attempts at her portrait exemplifies, delineates it as “die abbildung eines körpers nach dem schatten [. . .] sodann allgemeiner von einem umrisz” (the representation of a body after its shadow [. . ...
Itself a precursor medium to the dominant new reproductive technology of the nineteenth century, photography, the silhouette was a machine-aided reproduction created by projecting the subject’s image on a screen and then tracing and cutting its outline. By the 1780s, silhouette machines had been invented that required little training, and they came...
The shadow, according to myth, was the first painting and, not coincidentally, can also be connected with the birth of philosophy, which Plato’s allegory of the cave also features as a projection. For Stoichita, moreover, whose influential book on shadow connects these twin origin stories, Plato’s allegory is a sadistic tale of entrapment in murky ...
Stoichita’s book on shadow reads German critic Joachim von Sandrart’s influential recounting of the Plinian fable in 1675 as follows. Sandrart, he argues, wanted to show that the Corinthian maid’s was a “primitive art” and viewed art itself as a shadow. European art, by contrast aimed “to endow the shadow—within the representation—with meaning” (St...
Late in life Goethe would provide a helpful tool to assess the status of the black hole in his mature thinking when he commented on the arts and crafts in Johanna Schopenhauer’s salon with a poem. He had known Johanna’s daughter Adele (1797-1849) since the “enfant cheri” (dear child)—as Karl Immermann called her—was nine years old. Goethe delighted...
Biesalski, Ernst. Scherenschnitt und Schattenrisse: Kleine Geschichte der Silhouettenkunst. Munich: Callwey, 1964.Boyle, Nicholas. Goethe: The Poet and the Age: The Poetry of Desire (1749-90). Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1991.Brown, Bill. “Thing Theory.” Critical Inquiry28, no. 1 (2001): 1-22.Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm. Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. 33 vols. Leipzig and Munich: S. Hirzel and...The Swiss minister Johann Caspar Lavater (1741-1801) was certain that the wise physiognomist who studied and used the science of physiognomy with discernment could read the
Johann Caspar Lavater was born in Zurich on 15 th November 1741. His father was a doctor and "Pfleger" at the Grossmünster Seminary. In his autobiography (1779), Lavater describes his father as quiet, honest and of sound and healthy mind.
