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  2. Jun 22, 2011 · In section three we discuss feminist analyses of some foundational concepts within philosophy of biology and philosophy of science more generally, such as biological determinism, reductionism, and essentialism.

  3. These considerations make feminist biology debatable and conflictive with itself, particularly when concerning matters of biological determinism, whereby descriptive sex terms of male and female are intrinsically confining, or extreme postmodernism, whereby the body is viewed more as a social construct. [3]

  4. Jul 21, 2017 · This epistemological divide between modernism and postmodernism is central to understanding how differences between individuals assigned to different sex categories have been taken up, related debates within feminist psychology, and to the connected issue of how the biological matters.

    • H Lorraine Radtke
    • 2017
  5. Recent and contemporary manifestations of biological determinism, primarily centering on genes, hormones, and the brain, are discussed and criticized. Essentialist theories about male–female differences are outlined along with the feminist response to them.

    • Sheila Greene
    • 2020
  6. Dec 20, 2015 · Although early feminist critiques of biology often focused on sexist assumptions and hypotheses—that one sex (virtually always males) is superior—by the 1970s feminists began to recognize and analyze a more subtle way in which sex/gender is relevant to biology: they identified the role and consequences of androcentrism in research focuses ...

    • Lynn Hankinson-Nelson
    • lynnhank@uw.edu
    • 2016
  7. Jun 22, 2011 · Feminist philosophers of biology, such as Bleier (1984) and Fausto-Sterling (1992), reveal a series of problems with studies that purport to find sex differences in brain anatomy, brain lateralization, and hormones that are correlated with gender differences in behavioral traits and abilities.

  8. Jun 28, 2010 · Sexual difference theorists, whether working from a radical feminist tradition or from a psychoanalytic feminist tradition, insist on the specificity of female embodiment, a horizon which becomes invisible when the male is taken as the norm of the human.

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