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The expertly planned and boldly executed air-sea-ground attack of September 1950, Operation Chromite, put to rest the post-World War II argument that globe-spanning warplanes armed with atomic bombs were all that was needed for the United States to fight and win wars of the future.
- One Last Push
- Operation Common Knowledge
- Mao’s Warning Ignored
- The Worst Possible Place
- Building The Force
- Another Chinese Warning
On Sept. 1 – weeks after the war was supposed to be over – North Korea launched its last big push against the U.S. and ROK lines surrounding Pusan. As part of what would become known as the Great Naktong Offensive, the communists threw everything they had left at the Allied perimeter. It wasn’t enough. Two months of steadily increasing U.S. air str...
Before the conflict was even a week old, MacArthur ordered his staff to begin planning an amphibious assault at Inchon to relieve pressure on Allied forces as they retreated down the peninsula. This proposed landing, codenamed Operation Bluehearts, was to have taken place before the end of July. Unfortunately for MacArthur, Bluehearts was canceled ...
Documents captured in Pyongyang later in the war showed that the North Koreans knew full well about the landing at Inchon before the end of August, but could do little to stop it. Chinese intelligence had detected the buildup and the chairman of the People’s Republic personally passed the details along to North Korean leader. But the communists lac...
While MacArthur’s plan for the landing might have been more of a conventional move than a stroke of genius, his fierce conviction that Inchon was where the landing must occur was, in fact, inspired. The general could not have found a physically less suitable landing area for such an assault. The target was miles from the open sea and could be reach...
The physical challenges were only the start of MacArthur’s problems. The general also had to assemble an armada of ships to bring his army ashore. In the five years since the end of World War Two, the United States had junked the most successful and best-equipped amphibious force in history. By the time North Korea invaded the south, the U.S. Marin...
As MacArthur had predicted, the landing faced little opposition and U.S. casualties were relatively light – 225 killed and 800 wounded. Despite explicit warnings from the Chinese that an invasion was coming, the North Koreans failed to organize an adequate defence at Inchon. Pyongyang gambled that they could crush the UN forces at Pusan before the ...
Sep 25, 2024 · I n fall 1950, United Nations Command (UNC) forces, with U.S. Marines in the lead, executed an amphibious landing at Inchon, Korea, initiating an offensive on Seoul that changed the course of the Korean War. Known as Operation Chromite, the advance into Inchon and Seoul scrambled North Korean forces and enabled the UNC 8th Army to break through ...
On 23 July, MacArthur formulated a new plan, code-named Operation Chromite, calling for an amphibious assault by the US Army's 2nd Infantry Division and the United States Marine Corps (USMC)'s 5th Marine Regiment in mid-September 1950. This, too fell through as both units were moved to the Pusan Perimeter.
Operation Chromite was the UN assault designed to force the North Korea People's Army (NKPA) to retreat from the Republic of (South) Korea. On 25 June 1950 the NKPA invaded South Korea,...
To land the first Marines, as well as other personnel in subsequent landings—in total nearly 70,000 men—the operation would require 230 ships from seven navies. Overhead, aircraft of the U.S....
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Inchon lay just 16 miles from Seoul. MacArthur believed that United Nations forces would be able to easily liberate Seoul if they were to land at Inchon. The code name for the operation was Chromite.
