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William Pattison's four traditions of geography, often referred to as just the four traditions of geography, are a proposed way to organize the various competing themes and approaches within geography.
- Spatial Or Locational Tradition
- Area Studies Or Regional Tradition
- Man-Land Tradition
- Earth Science Tradition
- What Did Pattison Leave out?
The core concept behind the Spatial Tradition of geography relates to the in-depth analysis of the particulars of a place—such as the distribution of one aspect over an area—using quantitative techniques and tools that might include such things as computerized mapping and geographic information systems, spatial analysis and patterns, aerial distrib...
Unlike the Spatial Tradition, the Area Studies Tradition determines as much as it is possible to glean about a particular place in order to define, describe, and differentiate it from other regions or areas. World regional geography, along with international trends and relationships are at its center.
The focus of the Man-Land Tradition is the study of the relationship between human beingsand the land they live on. Man-Land looks not only at the impact people impose on their local environment but conversely, at how natural hazards can influence human life. Along with addition population geography, the tradition also takes into account the ramifi...
The Earth Science Tradition is the study of planet Earth as the home to humans and its systems. Along with the physical geographyof the planet, focuses of study include such things as how the planet's location in the solar system affects its seasons (this is also known as Earth-sun interaction) and how changes in the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmos...
In response to the four traditions, in the mid-1970s, researcher J. Lewis Robinson noted that Pattison's model left out several important aspects of geography, such as the factor of time as it relates to historical geography and cartography (mapmaking). Robinson wrote that by dividing geography into these categories—while admitting consistent theme...
- Matt Rosenberg
May 20, 2024 · The major geographic traditions are Earth Science, man-environment relationship, area studies, and spatial analysis. Each tradition focuses on different aspects of geography, from physical processes to human-environment interactions and regional studies.
The committee lifted the human envi-ronmental interaction theme directly from Pattison. The themes of place and location are based on Pattison’s spatial or geometric geography, and the theme of region comes from Pat-tison’s area studies or regional geog-raphy.
Mar 16, 2023 · There are four traditions of geography. These are spatial tradition, area studies tradition, man-land tradition and Earth science tradition. These were originally embraced by geographer William D. Pattison at the annual convention of the National Council for Geographic Education in 1963.
The following discussion treats the traditions in this order: (1) a spatial tradition, (2) an area studies tradition, (3) a man-land tradition and (4) an earth science tradition.
Definition of geography: the study of the inter-relationships between. nature and society. One of the oldest traditions in geography. This is the tradition that marked geography as the first academic discipline. to concern itself with the quality of the natural environment and how humans. affect it.
