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Mar 1, 2022 · By using the example of gang initiation rites, this article suggests that violence in such rites possesses a socio-symbolic and performative function that informs about the social...
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How youth join gangs, for example, is more complicated than initiation rites. The mechanisms underlying the selection process can be understood through the lens of signaling theory, with ...
- Group Process, Gang Organization, and Gang Identity
- Organization and Rationality
- Organizational Features and Goals of Gangs
- Social Organization of Street Gangs
- Gang Identity
- General Theory of Crime: Spuriousness Due to Low Self-Control
Our theoretical framework is consistent with a group process perspective that has produced important research findings on gangs. Pioneered by Short and Strodtbeck’s (1965) classic mixed-methods study of Chicago gangs, the group process perspective was developed to address limitations of theories of structural opportunities (e.g., Cloward and Ohlin ...
Ethnographic research suggests that gang organization is relatively rudimentary, approximating informal group structures, rather than large bureaucratic structures (e.g., Thrasher 1927; Klein 1971; Decker and Van Winkle 1996; Miller 2001). Nevertheless, it is useful to draw on organizational theory to identify dimensions of informal organization. B...
Any examination of gang organization is dependent on how the features of organization are defined. The classic description of gang organization, made by Thrasher (1927), remains useful today. The key elements of organization within gangs mirror those of society’s other institutions and include the presence of leadership; regular face-to-face meetin...
We argue that at least six features of gang organization—leadership, roles, rules, symbols and colors, meetings, and initiation rites—generally facilitate attaining gang objectives, including maintaining respect, controlling turf, providing protection and support, and selling drugs (see Fagan 1989). First, organized gangs are likely to have leaders...
Drawing on social identity theory, we examine one possible mechanism by which gang organization may produce enduring membership in the gang—the development and maintenance of a gang identity within individual members. Tajfel (1978, p. 63) defines social or group identity as “the part of an individual’s self-concept that derives from his knowledge o...
In contrast to our theoretical framework of gang organization, gang identity, and enduring gang membership, Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990, p. 202) argue that neither organization nor identity are important causes of crime. Instead, gang organization, as described by Thrasher (1927) and others—consisting of goal-directed behavior, internal stratific...
- John Leverso, Ross L. Matsueda
- 2019
By using the example of gang initiation rites, this article suggests that violence in such rites possesses a socio-symbolic and performative function that informs about the social status of gang members.
Although gang initiation rites are not always required in order to become a full gang member, some of these initiations can take place through the process of being “jumped in” or “beaten in” (Karlin 2008, 60).
- Jeffrey Stevenson Murer, Tilman Schwarze
- 2020
May 31, 2016 · By using the example of gang initiation rites, this article suggests that violence in such rites possesses a socio-symbolic and performative function that informs about the social...
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May 31, 2016 · The study describes and compares types of initiation and how they vary based on individual characteristics of the individuals being initiated. Three general types of initiation are found: (1) the ego violent event, (2) the crime commission, and (3) the expressive violence toward others.
