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      • Never put a comma after. Do not put a period between the c and the f. Use “cf.” to contrast; to compare like things, use “see” or “see also.”
      blog.apastyle.org/files/apa-latin-abbreviations-table-2.pdf
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  2. Feb 21, 2017 · Currently, I am using c.f. in beginning as prefix to an in-text citation. The problem is how to do it when you cite multiple references. For example, below are three references I need to cite and they are all sources that I am referring to the reader to consult further in relation with the argument.

  3. Use “cf.” to contrast; to compare like things, use “see” or “see also.” e.g., “for example,” (abbreviation for . exempli gratia) Some studies (e.g., Jenkins & Morgan, 2010; Macmillan, 2009) have supported this conclusion. Others—for example, Chang (2004)—disagreed. Always put a comma after. etc. “and so on” or “and so

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    • Short Quotations
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    • Quotations from Sources Without Pages
    • Summary Or Paraphrase

    If you are directly quoting from a work, you will need to include the author, year of publication, and page number for the reference (preceded by "p." for a single page and “pp.” for a span of multiple pages, with the page numbers separated by an en dash). You can introduce the quotation with a signal phrase that includes the author's last name fol...

    Place direct quotations that are 40 words or longer in a free-standing block of typewritten lines and omit quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, indented 1/2 inch from the left margin, i.e., in the same place you would begin a new paragraph. Type the entire quotation on the new margin, and indent the first line of any subsequent parag...

    Direct quotations from sources that do not contain pages should not reference a page number. Instead, you may reference another logical identifying element: a paragraph, a chapter number, a section number, a table number, or something else. Older works (like religious texts) can also incorporate special location identifiers like verse numbers. In s...

    If you are paraphrasing an idea from another work, you only have to make reference to the author and year of publication in your in-text reference and may omit the page numbers. APA guidelines, however, do encourage including a page range for a summary or paraphrase when it will help the reader find the information in a longer work.

  4. In APA, in-text citations are inserted in the text of your research paper to briefly document the source of your information. Brief in-text citations point the reader to more complete information in the Reference list. When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation.

    • Kathleen Anderson
    • 2020
  5. In APA, in-text citations are inserted in the body of your research paper to briefly document the source of your information. Brief in-text citations point the reader to more complete information in the reference list at the end of the paper.

  6. May 16, 2023 · General APA in-text citations follow this pattern: (Author, Year of publication). If you need to reference a specific page or a range of pages in a book, you can do so easily in this form: (Author, Year of publication, p. Page number) or (Author, Year of publication, pp. Page range).

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