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Learn how to tell if you've broken your ankle (fractured) and when to get medical help. Find out what treatments you may need and how to recover from a broken ankle.
- Lateral Malleolus Fracture
- Nondisplaced vs. Displaced Ankle Fractures
- Medial Malleolus Fracture
- Bimalleolar Ankle Fracture
- Bimalleolar Equivalent Fracture
- Posterior Malleolus Fracture
- Trimalleolar Fracture
- Pilon Fracture
- Maisonneuve Fracture
- Syndesmotic Injury
This break occurs at the bottom of the fibula. It involves the bony “knob” outside of your ankle called the lateral malleolus, according to a 2019 studyTrusted Source. Lateral malleolus fractures are the most common type of ankle break.
Penn Medicinesays that ankle fractures are often categorized as either displaced or nondisplaced. With a displaced fracture, fragments of the bones that are broken may be separated or misaligned. On the other hand, with a nondisplaced fracture, the broken bones remain in the correct position and retain their usual structure.
A medial malleolus fracture happens at the end of the tibia. A 2019 reviewTrusted Sourceindicates that it specifically affects the medial malleolus, which is the knob on the inside of your ankle.
A bimalleolar ankle fracture involves both knobs in the ankle, which include the fibula (lateral malleolus) and tibia (medial malleolus). Based on a 2022 reviewTrusted Source, these almost always require surgery to repair. It’s the second most common type of ankle break.
A bimalleolar equivalent fracture means that in addition to one of the malleoli being fractured, the ligaments on the inside of the ankle are injured.
According to a 2016 reviewTrusted Source, a posterior malleolus fracture occurs on the back of the tibia. Usually, this break happens with lateral malleolus fractures. That’s because the posterior malleolus and lateral malleolus share ligament attachments.
A trimalleolar fracture involves all three parts of the ankle, which include the medial (inside), lateral (outside), and posterior (back) malleoli. A 2021 reviewTrusted Sourcesuggests that, like a bimalleolar fracture, this usually requires surgery.
The AAOSsays that a pilon fracture occurs in the “roof” of the ankle, which is at the end of the tibia. It’s also called a plafond fracture. Pilon fractures are usually caused by high impact injuries like falls or car accidents.
A Maisonneuve fracture, according to a 2020 studyTrusted Source, includes two injuries: an ankle sprain and a break in the upper part of the fibula. The break is located near the knee. This injury happens when you fall while rotating, causing the foot to awkwardly hit the ground. It’s most common in gymnasts, dancers, and skiers.
This injury affects the syndesmosis joint, which is located between the fibula and tibia. It’s held in place by ligaments. If only the ligament is injured, it’s also called a high ankle sprain. However, a 2016 reviewTrusted Sourcesuggests that most syndesmotic injuries include a ligament sprain and at least one fracture.
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Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of ankle fractures, also known as broken ankles. Find out how the three bones of the ankle joint can be injured and what types of surgery may be needed.
Mar 26, 2022 · Learn about the signs, causes and treatments of a broken or fractured ankle, a common injury that can result from a fall, a twist or a direct blow. Find out how to prevent, diagnose and manage a broken ankle and when to see a doctor.
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