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Aug 18, 2009 · The extreme conditions which they face affect all aspects of their biology – theirs is an extreme biology which may give us some important insights into the nature of life in general. In this chapter, I will explore whether we can see any general patterns for life in extreme environments.
- David A. Wharton
- 2002
Organismal distribution limits and responses to climate change depend on how physiological performance varies as the environment shifts between optimal and extreme conditions.
- Introduction
- Microbes and Viruses
- Plants
- Invertebrates
- Fishes
- Future Directions
- Funding
As humans, our bounds of a habitable environment encompass only a fraction of the available space on Earth. Research in the last several decades has expanded understanding of how persistent life truly is—from Antarctic fish that survive in waters constantly near or below 0 °C and sea anemones that burrow within the ice—to hydrothermal vent microbes...
Deep-sea and terrestrial hydrothermal environments provide a rich diversity of novel thermophilic and hyperthermophilic Bacteria and Archaea. Hydrothermal systems represent one of the most chemically diverse habitats for microorganisms. In terrestrial hydrothermal systems, the presence of light allows for a photosynthetic extremophiles, in addition...
In the majority of extreme terrestrial environments, cryptogams (lichens, bryophytes and algae) are the dominant plant species. Cryptogams survive well with high and low water availability and at high and low temperatures ( Cornelissen et al. 2007 ), and occur in communities from the arctic and Antarctica, to geothermal hot springs, and the world’s...
Invertebrates from a diverse array of phyla occupy extreme environments in the marine realm where they are often dominant members of the community. In the deep sea, high pressures combine with high or low temperatures, respectively to create some of the most physiologically stressful conditions on Earth Inhabitants tend to have a reduced metabolism...
Many vertebrate species, often with complicated physiologies and life histories, thrive under conditions that would be prohibitive for their closely related cousins from moderate habitats. Good examples include both ectotherms such as desert lizards and insects and endotherms such as high altitude mammals, hibernators and polar birds and marine mam...
In discussing extremophiles from diverse taxonomic and ecological backgrounds, several interesting themes emerged in this symposium. The first is the ubiquity and diversity of symbiotic associations among extremophiles. Here, we have highlighted some of the cases in which plants and invertebrates engage in symbiotic associations with microbes that ...
Support for participation in this symposium was provided by the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology and its Division of Physiology and Comparative Biology and by the National Science Foundation (IOS 1546672). Research pertaining to this publication was supported by the following NSF grants: PLR 1341742 (SME), MCB 1243963 (KMS), ANT 0944...
- Annie R. Lindgren, Bradley A. Buckley, Sarah M. Eppley, Anna-Louise Reysenbach, Kenneth M. Stedman, ...
- 2016
Apr 25, 2024 · Conservation actions are effective at reducing global biodiversity loss, according to a major study. International researchers spent 10 years looking at measures, from hatching Chinook salmon to...
May 8, 2017 · Here, we assess the extent to which extreme population responses are individualistic (i.e. whether there is an agreement among species about which years are ‘extreme’), and evaluate whether extreme population responses are important determinants of species' long-term population trends.
- Georgina Palmer, Philip J. Platts, Tom Brereton, Jason W. Chapman, Jason W. Chapman, Calvin Dytham, ...
- 2017
Jul 17, 2015 · In this paper, we discuss two specific examples: putative life on a Mars-type planet with a hydrogen peroxide-water solvent and putative life on a Titan-type planetary body with liquid hydrocarbons as a solvent.
People also ask
How do we define extreme organisms?
Do extreme population events predict long-term population trends?
How do we measure a part or an aspect of an organism?
How do extreme environments affect organisms?
What is biological measurement?
Why is biological measurement considered an extension of classical measurement?
Apr 27, 2019 · In physics, measurement is described in theories and is a fundamental part of their formulation. The notion of measurement embedded in theories provides a general link between the output of measurement and the theoretical and mathematical description of the objects of study.
