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Aug 24, 2006 · Before 2006, there may have been no formal definition of a planet, but there was a general agreement of what a planet and there was debate. Scientists argued for the removal of Pluto from the list of planets prior to 2006.
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- Key Concept 3.3
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- global capitalist economy, migration patterns changed dramatically, and the numbers of migrants increased significantly.
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— A deepening and widening of networks of human interaction within Key Concept 3.1 and across regions contributed to cultural, technological, and biological difusion within and between various societies. Improved commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes—including the Silk ...
— Changes in trade networks resulted from and stimulated increasing productive capacity, with important implications for social and gender structures and environmental processes. Demand for luxury goods increased in Afro–Eurasia. Chinese, Persian, and Indian artisans and merchants expanded their production of textiles and porcelains for export; man...
— Although the world's productive systems continued to be heavily centered on agriculture, major changes occurred in agricultural labor, the systems and locations of manufacturing, gender and social structures, and environmental processes. The demand for labor intensified as a result of the growing global demand for raw materials and finished produ...
— The development of industrial capitalism led to increased standards of living for some, and to continued improvement in manufacturing methods that increased the availability, afordability, and variety of consumer goods. A variety of factors contributed to the growth of industrial production and eventually resulted in the Industrial Revolution, in...
— As states industrialized, they also expanded existing overseas empires and established new colonies and transoceanic relationships. Some states with existing colonies strengthened their control over those colonies and in some cases assumed direct control over colonies previously held by non-state entities. European states, as well as the United S...
— The 18th century marked the beginning of an intense period of revolution and rebellion against existing governments, leading to the establishment of new nation-states around the world. The rise and difusion of Enlightenment thought that questioned established traditions in all areas of life often preceded revolutions and rebellions against existi...
— As a result of the emergence of transoceanic empires and
Migration in many cases was influenced by changes in demographics in both industrialized and unindustrialized societies that presented challenges to existing patterns of living. Because of the nature of new modes of transportation, both internal and external migrants increasingly relocated to cities. This pattern contributed to the significant glob...
— Rapid advances in science and technology altered the understanding of the universe and the natural world and led to advances in communication, transportation, industry, agriculture, and medicine. New modes of communication—including radio communication, cellular communication, and the internet—as well as transportation, including air travel and s...
— Peoples and states around the world challenged the existing political and social order in varying ways, leading to unprecedented worldwide conflicts. The West dominated the global political order at the beginning of the 20th century, but both land-based and maritime empires gave way to new states by the century’s end. As a result of internal tens...
— The role of the state in the domestic economy varied, and new institutions of global association emerged and continued to develop throughout the century. States responded in a variety of ways to the economic challenges of the 20th century. In the Soviet Union, the government controlled the national economy through the Five Year Plans, often imple...
Where did these distance measurements come from? What relative distance measurements were available to Kepler in 1619? When was earth-orbit-baseline parallax used to make these measurements for each of the planets?
The International Astronomical Union (IAU) ruled in August 2006 that to be a planet an object must meet three criteria: It must have enough mass and gravity to gather itself into a sphere. It must orbit the sun.
Oct 26, 2020 · Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543 CE) was a Polish astronomer who famously proposed that the Earth and other planets revolved around the Sun in a heliocentric system and not, as then widely thought, in a geocentric system where the Earth is the centre.
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In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) adopted a definition of a planet in the Solar System, placing the four terrestrial planets and the four giant planets in the planet category; Ceres, Pluto, and Eris are in the category of dwarf planet.
