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The Testimonium Flavianum (meaning the testimony of Flavius Josephus) is a passage found in Book 18, Chapter 3, 3 (or see Greek text) of the Antiquities which describes the condemnation and crucifixion of Jesus at the hands of the Roman authorities.
- Josephus
- Herod Antipas
- The Death of James, The Brother of Jesus
- The Testimonium Flavianum
Flavius Josephus was born Yosef ben Matityahu, a member of a priestly household in Jerusalem through his father’s side (the house and order of Jehoiarib), and his mother was of royal descent (Hasmonean). He was educated in Jerusalem and most likely shared ideology and sympathy with the party of the Pharisees. During the Great Jewish Revolt of 66 CE...
A son of Herod the Great (c. 75-4 BCE), Herod Antipas (r. 4 BCE - 39 CE) inherited the region of Galilee (as one of the tetrarchs, the sons of Herod the Great). Josephus described his reign and activities in detail in Antiquities. Antipas was married to the daughter of King Aretas of Petra (the Kingdom of Nabatea in Jordan). However, when meeting t...
In describing the rule of the procurator Albinus (62 CE), Josephus included the story of the stoning of James, the brother of Jesus: Ananus was dismissed as high priest for acting on his own before the next Roman magistrate had arrived. Josephus did not clarify the details of the accusation as "breakers of the law." However, by the 2nd century CE, ...
One of the most controversial passages is presented as a digression in his description of Pontius Pilate: Scholars debate if this passage was originally written by Josephus or added by a later Christian to validate Christian beliefs. It became more famous in the Middle Ages as proof of the story of Jesus, as it demonstrated an objective, outsider’s...
- Rebecca Denova
Feb 19, 2024 · By mentioning Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor who ordered Jesus’s crucifixion, and referencing the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus, the Testimonium Flavianum provides context for Jesus’s trial and execution within the political and religious landscape of first-century Judea.
- Robbie Mitchell
Oct 11, 2020 · As the centuries passed, the number of defenders of the authenticity of the passage dwindled, and by the end of the nineteenth century Benedikt Niese (1849-1910) placed it in brackets in his 1890 critical edition of Josephus, indicating it a probable interpolation.
Nov 1, 2005 · For his contemporary Jewish readers, Flavius Josephus highlighted correlations between the Roman assault and the predictions of Hebrew prophets.
Mar 30, 2016 · Flavius Josephus (A.D. 37 – c. 100) was a Jewish historian born in Jerusalem four years after the crucifixion of Jesus of Nazareth in the same city. Because of this proximity to Jesus in terms of time and place, his writings have a near-eyewitness quality as they relate to the entire cultural background of the New Testament era.
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Feb 6, 2003 · Analysis of the evidence from the works of Origen, Eusebius, and Hegesippus concludes that the reference to "Christ" in Josephus, Jewish Antiquities 20.200 is probably an accidental interpolation or …
