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- Wind speed is the rate at which air moves across a surface, typically measured in units like meters per second or miles per hour. It is a crucial factor in aeolian processes, affecting the erosion and transportation of sediment, as well as the formation of various landforms shaped by wind action.
library.fiveable.me/key-terms/introduction-geology/wind-speedWind speed - Vocab, Definition, and Must Know Facts | Fiveable
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In meteorology, wind speed, or wind flow speed, is a fundamental atmospheric quantity caused by air moving from high to low pressure, usually due to changes in temperature. Wind speed is now commonly measured with an anemometer.
Definition. Wind speed is the rate at which air moves past a specific point, typically measured in meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/h).
Wind speed is the rate at which air moves across a surface, typically measured in units like meters per second or miles per hour. It is a crucial factor in aeolian processes, affecting the erosion and transportation of sediment, as well as the formation of various landforms shaped by wind action.
Definition. Wind speed refers to the rate at which air is moving in a specific direction, typically measured in miles per hour (mph) or meters per second (m/s). It plays a crucial role in soil erosion processes, as higher wind speeds can increase the detachment and transport of soil particles, leading to more significant erosion.
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The boundary between these two areas is called a front. The complex relationships between fronts cause different types of wind and weather patterns.
Prevailing winds are winds that blow from a single direction over a specific area of the Earth. Areas where prevailing winds meet are called convergence zones. Generally, prevailing winds blow east-west rather than north-south. This happens because Earths rotation generates what is known as the Coriolis effect. The Coriolis effect makes wind system...
The Earth contains five major wind zones: polar easterlies, westerlies, horse latitudes, trade winds, and the doldrums. The horse latitudes are a narrow zone of warm, dry climates between westerlies and the trade winds. Horse latitudes are about 30 and 35 degrees north and south. Many deserts, from the rainless Atacama of South America to the arid ...
Polar easterlies are dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the east. They emanate from the polar highs, areas of high pressure around the North and South Poles. Polar easterlies flow to low-pressure areas in sub-polar regions.
Westerlies have an enormous impact on ocean currents, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. Driven by westerlies, the powerful Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) rushes around the continent (from west to east) at about 4 kilometers per hour (2.5 miles per hour). In fact, another name for the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the West Wind Drift. T...
Trade winds are the powerful prevailing winds that blow from the east across the tropics. Trade winds are generally very predictable. They have been instrumental in the history of exploration, communication, and trade. Ships relied on trade winds to establish quick, reliable routes across the vast Atlantic and, later, Pacific Oceans. Even today, sh...
In 1947, Norwegian explorer Thor Hyerdahl and a small crew used trade winds to travel from the coast of Peru to the coral reefs of French Polynesia, more than 6,920 kilometers (4,300 miles), in a sail-powered raft. The expedition, named after the raft (Kon-Tiki) aimed to prove that ancient mariners could have used predictable trade winds to explore...
Besides ships and rainfall, trade winds can also carry particles of dust and sand for thousands of kilometers. Particles from Saharan sand and dust storms can blow across islands in the Caribbean Sea and the U.S. state of Florida, more than 8,047 kilometers (5,000 miles) away. Dust storms in the tropics can be devastating for the local community. V...
Wind traveling at different speeds, different altitudes, and over water or land can cause different types of patterns and storms.
Jet streams are geostrophic winds that form near the boundaries of air masses with different temperatures and humidity. The rotation of the Earth and its uneven heating by the sun also contribute to the formation of high-altitude jet streams. These tropical storms have a spiral shape. The spiral (swirling counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemispher...
A hurricane is a giant, spiraling tropical storm that can pack wind speeds of over 257 kph (160 mph) and unleash more than 9 trillion liters (2.4 trillion gallons) of rain. These same tropical storms are known as hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean, cyclones in the northern Indian Ocean, and typhoons in the western Pacific Ocean.
When a tropical depression speeds up to 63-117 kph (39-73 mph), it is known as a tropical storm, and is given a name. Meteorologists name the storms in alphabetical order, and alternate with female and male names.
When a storm reaches 119 kph (74 mph), it becomes a hurricane and is rated from 1 to 5 in severity on the Saffir Simpson scale. A Category 5 hurricane is the strongest storm possible on the Saffir-Simpson scale. Winds of a Category 5 blow at 252 kph (157 mph). Hurricane Ethel, the strongest hurricane in recorded history, roared across the Gulf of M...
The best defense against a hurricane is an accurate forecast that gives people time to get out of its way. The National Hurricane Center issues hurricane watches for storms that may endanger communities, and hurricane warnings for storms that will reach land within 24 hours.
What is wind? How does the atmosphere control the pressure of the Earth’s surface? What is the difference between high pressure areas and low pressure areas? How do scientists study wind? How is speed of wind described? Answers: Wind is the movement of the air through the Earth’s atmosphere.
At GCSE it appears in AQA, OCR A, EDEXCEL, EDUQAS, WJEC and CCEA, in SQA at National 5. Richard Hammond demonstrates how wind is created by differences in air pressure.
