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- Vapor pressure (or vapour pressure) is the equilibrium pressure of a vapor above its liquid or solid state in a closed container. In this type of closed system, some molecules of a liquid or solid have enough kinetic energy to escape at the surface and enter the vapor (gas) phase.
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What is vapor pressure?
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Vapour pressure, also known as vapour equilibrium pressure, can be defined as the pressure exerted (in a system featuring thermodynamic equilibrium) by a vapour with its condensed phases (solid or liquid) in a closed system at a given temperature.
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- A liquid’s vapour pressure is a vapour’s equilibrium pressure above its liquid (or solid); that is, the vapour pressure resulting from a liquid (or...
- Raoult’s law is a chemical law that relates the solution’s vapour pressure to the mole fraction of a solution added. The law of Raoult is expressed...
- When a liquid’s vapour pressure is the same as the atmospheric pressure, the material is at temperature and pressure at the boiling/freezing point....
- As a result, there are lower boiling points of liquids with high vapour pressure. By heating a liquid and allowing more molecules to enter the atmo...
- The material with the lowest boiling point would, therefore, have the highest vapour pressure at room temperature (the easiest way to reach the gas...
- Factors That Affect Vapor Pressure
- Vapor Pressure of Water
- How to Calculate Vapor Pressure
- References
The most important factors affecting vapor pressure are temperature and type of molecules: 1. Temperature: Temperature has the greatest effect on vapor pressure. As temperature increases, vapor pressure increases. As temperature decreases, vapor pressure decreases. This makes sense, as imparting thermal energy gives molecules more kinetic energy. T...
The vapor pressure of water depends on its temperature. The vapor pressure of water at room temperature (25 °C) is 23.8 mm Hg, 0.0313 atm, or 23.8 torr, or 3.17 kPa. At its freezing point (0 °C), the vapor pressure of water is 4.6 torr. At its boiling point (100 °C), the vapor pressure of water is 658.0 torr (atmospheric pressure).
There are several vapor pressure formulas, but two common ones are Raoult’s law and the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
Perry, R.H.; Green, D.W., eds. (1997). Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook(7th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-049841-9.Petrucci, Ralph H.; Harwood, William S.; Herring, F. Geoffrey (2002). General Chemistry(8th ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-014329-7.Sinnot, R.K. (2005). Chemical Engineering Design(4th ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-7506-6538-4.Wagner, W. (1973). “New vapour pressure measurements for argon and nitrogen and a new method for establishing rational vapour pressure equations”. Cryogenics. 13 (8): 470–482. doi:10.1016/0011-2275...Vapour pressure can be defined as pressure formed by the vapor of the liquid (or solid) over the surface of the liquid. This pressure is formed in a thermodynamic equilibrium state in a closed container at a certain temperature.
Raoult’s law states that a solvent’s partial vapour pressure in a solution (or mixture) is equal or identical to the vapour pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution. Mathematically, Raoult’s law equation is written as: P solution = Χ solvent P 0 solvent. Where, P solution = vapour pressure of the solution
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Aug 28, 2024 · Vapour pressure, pressure exerted by a vapour when the vapour is in equilibrium with the liquid or solid form, or both, of the same substance—i.e., when conditions are such that the substance can exist in both or in all three phases. Learn more about vapour pressure in this article.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Nov 21, 2023 · The vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by vapor at equilibrium with its solid or liquid in a closed chamber. It can be calculated either by using...
Generally, vapors from the aqueous substance occupy the walls of the unfilled part of the container and exert a pressure on the walls of that container, this pressure is called the vapor pressure. Initially, the vapor pressure increases but after some time it becomes constant.
