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- A peak is the highest level of a medication in the blood, while a trough level indicates the lowest concentration. Troughs of medication concentration occur after the drug has been broken down and metabolized by the body.
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Sep 23, 2021 · Peak and trough levels indicate drug levels in an individual’s body. A peak is the highest level of a medication in the blood, while a trough level indicates the lowest concentration. Troughs of medication concentration occur after the drug has been broken down and metabolized by the body.
- Peaks and troughs are the highest and lowest concentrations of a medication in an individual’s body. They are used to determine dosing intervals, o...
- The time to take peak levels depends on the route of administration. The peak level is taken about 15 to 30 minutes after intravenous injections or...
- Peaks and troughs are the highest and lowest concentrations, respectively, of a medication in an individual’s body. They are used to determine dosi...
A trough level is drawn when the drug is at its lowest in the bloodstream, right before the next scheduled dose is given. Medications have a predicted reference range of normal values for peak and trough levels.
- 2023
- Indications
- Timing of Samples
- Interpretation
- References
Drugs are monitored in order to: 1. Avoid toxicity 2. Adjust dosing for efficacy 3. Monitorcompliance or determine failure of therapy Drugs that typically require monitoring have a: 1. Narrow target range 2. Significant pharmacokinetic variability 3. Relationship between the concentration in plasma and clinical effects 4. Determined concentration r...
Sampling for toxicity should occur at times of peak concentrationSampling for monitoring should ideally occur at steady stateFor drugs with short half-lives, trough levels (i.e. pre-dose levels) should be taken This is the least variable point in the dosing interval.For drugs with long half lives, timing of sampling is less importantInterpretation of drug levels is dependent on: 1. Timingof sample 2. Duration of treatment at the current dose and dosingschedule 3. Individual characteristics that may affect the pharmacokinetics 3.1. Age 3.2. Physiology 3.3. Comorbidities (hepatic, renal, cardiac) 3.4. Drug interactions 3.5. Genetics 3.6. Environmental 4. Protein binding 4.1. Ass...
Birkett DJ. Therapeutic drug monitoring. Aust Prescr 1997;20:9-11.Ghiculescu RA. Therapeutic drug monitoring, which drugs, why, when, and how to do it. Aust Prescr 2008;31:42-4.Target range: trough >10 mg/L (total drug) or peak concentration >20 mg/L. patients with serious infections require higher concentrations; monitor the trough concentration and increase the teicoplanin dose if the concentration falls <20 mg/L. toxicity is unusual at trough concentrations <50 mg/L.
In medicine and pharmacology, a trough level or trough concentration (C trough) is the concentration reached by a drug immediately before the next dose is administered, [1] [2] often used in therapeutic drug monitoring.
Trough concentrations can be measured to determine drug accumulation and to reduce the risk of toxicity. Trough samples must be interpreted in the context of the time after the dose when the sample was drawn.
A trough level can be pertinent when the concentration–effect relationship suggests that efficacy (or toxicity) of a drug is linked to the maintenance of blood concentrations above a predefined targeted concentration (glycopeptides, antiviral or antiretroviral drugs, for instance). From: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, 2012
